Research Methods Flashcards
Inductive Research/theory
1.) Make an Observation
2.) Choose Methods
3.) Gather Data
4.) Analyze Data
5.) Literature review
6.) Results
-Naturalistic
-There is order at all points-human interaction has patterns
-data to theory/data up/bottom up
-theory is not your friend
Deductive Research/theory
1.) Make an observation
2.) Literature Review
3.) Form Hypothesis
4.) Methods
5.)Gather Data
6.) Analyze data
7.) Write Results
-Formal Procedure
ex: lab experiments
-Predicts Behavior
-Theory to data approach/ top down (theory Down)
-Previous literature is good
-Focuses on quantitative analysis
Pros and Cons of Inductive Research
Advantages
- Go with the flow
-could have many results
-preserves data’s integrity
analyzes behavior includes raw data
Disadvantages
-might not study planned topic
Pros and Cons of deductive research
Advantages
- More control on what is being studied
-structured process
-stats
Disadvantages
- not studying right things
-lab experiments might not be realistic
Major Questions of research methods today?
What counts as data?
naturalistic data
- video, audio, transcripts
-ethnographic field notes
Contrived data
-data from experiments
-survey data
What do you do with your data?
-Code it (data reduction)
-Stats
Independent vs dependent variables
Independent Variable will will influence change on other variables
Dependent variables are changed by other variables
Research question vs research hypothesis
Hypothesis- will be a statement that ends with a period
Research questions- will be phased in question formate that end in a question mark
Primary vs secondary research reports
Primary Research report are first reporting of studies
Secondary Reports will include second hand account of the primary reports like a text book.
Nominal Measurement Techniques
-Categories
-Mutually Exclusive
-Equivalent Categories
-Exhaustive
Ordinal Measurement Techniques
-Classify a variable into nominal categories but also rank categories
- Do not know gaps between rankings
ex- Race winnings
Likert Measurement Techniques
-Rank categories but there is an equal distance between rankings
ex- thermostat
Semantic Differential Measurement Techniques
Self-report data
- Ask people to comment on themselves
Advantages
-Efficient
-Allows researchers to study things that cannot be observed
Disadvantages
-what people do and what they believe may be different
-people may not provide accurate information
