research

Question 1

nomothetic

Answer 1

study of the general group

Question 2

idiographic

Answer 2

study of the individual

Question 3

internal validity

Answer 3

extent to which changes in the DV can be attributed to IV

Question 4

external validity

Answer 4

extent to which results of the study can be generalized

Question 5

quasi-IV

Answer 5

variable that is thought to influence DV, not manipulated by experiment

Question 6

case study

Answer 6

detailed account of one person

Question 7

correlational study

Answer 7

examine relationships between variables without manipulating them

Question 8

experimental study

Answer 8

manipulate IV to see effect on DV

Question 9

quasi-experiment

Answer 9

experimental study with no random assignment

Question 10

natural experiment

Answer 10

use naturally occurring event as IV

Question 11

analogue experiment

Answer 11

manipulate IV in other populations

Question 12

single-subject experiment

Answer 12

case study with IV manipulation

Question 13

case study strengths

Answer 13

• hypothesis generation

- ability to look at unusual problems not able to be generalized to larger population

Question 14

case study weaknesses

Answer 14

• bias of therapist
• subjective evidence (due to bias)
• low internal & external validity (difficult to determine direction of causation)

Question 15

correlational study strengths

Answer 15

• uses statistics to evaluate objective evidence

- good external validity (no manipulation of variables involved, accurate to real world)

Question 16

correlational study weaknesses

Answer 16

• low internal validity (direction of effect, third variable problem)

Question 17

experimental study strengths

Answer 17

• high internal validity

- able to control bias

Question 18

experimental study weaknesses

Answer 18

• moderate external validity (small test population, manipulation of variables)
• often can’t directly manipulate IV of interest

Question 19

blind design

Answer 19

participant, experimenter, or external evaluator doesn’t know which group participant belongs in

Question 20

direction of effect problem

Answer 20

correlation does not imply causation

Question 21

third variable problem

Answer 21

another variable may be influencing correlated variables