dissociative disorders Flashcards
dissociation
- feeling detached from self/surroundings
2. disruptions in memory
dissociative amnesia types
- selective
- localized
- generalized
- continuous
selective amnesia
remember some parts of traumatic event but not all
localized amnesia
loss of all memory in period of time of trauma event (most common)
generalized (retrograde) amnesia
loss of memory extends before trauma event
continuous (anterograde) amnesia
loss of memory since trauma event that continues in the present
dissociative fugue
forget personal identity and past, take on new identity
depersonalization-derealization disorder
persistent or recurrent depersonalization & derealization episodes, while reality testing remains intact
dissociative identity disorder
person’s identity is fragmented into subpersonalities
how do subpersonalities differ?
- identifying features, skills, responses
- levels of awareness of each other
DSM-5 criteria of DID
- at least 2 distinct personalities
- unexplainable memory gaps
- clinically significant distress
- not broadly accepted religious practice
- disturbance not due to substance/medical condition
iatrogenic
symptoms inadvertently induced by therapy
social cognition
learned symptoms by watching others experience it
psychodynamic theory
ego defense mechanism to protect oneself from overwhelming memories by repressing them
behavioral theory
dissociative behavior is negatively reinforced by not having to think about traumatic events, positively reinforced by others demonstrating interest in them
state-dependent learning
we remember things better in the same condition we learned them -> link levels of arousal with particular states
psychodynamic treatment
search for unconscious to bring into consciousness
DID treatment
- recognize the disorder
- recover memory gaps
- integrate alters or reinforce not switching
- teach coping skills and identity stressful triggers
