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abnormal psych > assessment, diagnosis, treatment > Flashcards

assessment, diagnosis, treatment Flashcards

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1
Q

personality inventories

A

tests designed to measure broad personality characteristics, with a focus on behaviors, beliefs, and feelings

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2
Q

MMPI-II

A
  • most widely used personality test
  • generates profile to compare to normative sample and other psychiatric patients
  • has validity scale
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3
Q

response inventories

A
  • measures response in one area of functioning
  • usually self-reported
  • based on theoretical orientation of therapist
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4
Q

psychophysiological tests

A

measures physiological responses

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5
Q

neurological tests

A

directly assesses brain function

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6
Q

EEG

A

electrodes on scalp measures electrical activity

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7
Q

PET scans

A

radioactive tracer that binds to blood/oxygen/glucose to show which part of brain is active

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8
Q

CAT scans

A

x-ray slices of brain structure

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9
Q

fMRI

A

magnetically images brain structure to assess how the brain changes overtime

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10
Q

neuropsychological tests

A

indirectly assesses brain function by assessing cognitive, perceptual, and motor functioning

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11
Q

Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test

A

example of neuropsychological test, assesses visual-motor functioning by way of replicating simple line drawings

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12
Q

assessment

A

systematic evaluation and measurement of psychological, biological, and social factors in an individual presenting with a possible psychological disorder

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13
Q

diagnosis

A

determine if patient’s symptoms match a known disorder

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14
Q

treatment

A

change abnormal behavior into normal behavior

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15
Q

standardization

A

used in the same way across the board, with a reference group to know what’s typical in the normal or clinical population

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16
Q

reliability

A

yields the same result in the same situations

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17
Q

test-retest reliability

A

measure of consistency of results when test is repeated on same sample at different point in time

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18
Q

inter-rater reliability

A

measure of agreement among independent judges assessing the same test

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19
Q

validity

A

extent to which the test measures what it is supposed to measure, corresponds accurately to the real world

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20
Q

face validity

A

extent to which a test looks to be measuring what it is supposed to measure

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21
Q

predictive validity

A

extent to which a test accurately predicts future outcomes

22
Q

concurrent validity

A

extent to which a test agrees with other assessments

23
Q

clinical interview

A

gather detailed information about personal history, symptoms, circumstances as viewed by the client

24
Q

unstructured interview

A

uses open-ended questions

25
Q

structured interview

A

uses pre-set questions (ex. mental status exam to assess general functioning)

26
Q

clinical observations

A

systematic observation of behavior

27
Q

naturalistic observation

A

takes place in client’s natural environment

28
Q

analog observation

A

set up clinical environment that resembles natural environment

29
Q

self-monitoring

A

client tracks their own behavior

30
Q

clinical tests

A

gather info about limited aspect of psychological functioning

31
Q

projectives

A

require that subjects interpret vague and ambiguous stimuli or follow open-ended questions to infer unconscious processes or personality traits

32
Q

examples of projectives

A
  • Rorschach Test
  • Thematic Apperception Test
  • Sentence-Completion
  • Draw-a-Person
33
Q

DSM-5

A

system of classifying psychological disorders, published by the American Psychiatric Association

34
Q

criticisms of DSM-5

A
  • categorical system instead of dimensional system
  • high rates of comorbidity
  • misdiagnosis issues
  • requires use of labels
  • cultural limitations
35
Q

Research Domain Criteria (RDoC)

A

focuses on biological basis for mental illness

36
Q

Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)

A

focuses on mental health problems as a continuum, structures symptoms/syndromes into hierarchy

37
Q

clinical interview strengths

A

able to gain wide range of information about individual patient

38
Q

clinical interview weaknesses

A

low reliability and validity (bias)

39
Q

projectives strengths

A

useful in hypothesis generation

40
Q

projectives weaknesses

A

low reliability and validity

biased against minorities

41
Q

personality inventory strengths

A

standardized and objective

42
Q

personality inventory weaknesses

A

no accurate definition of personality, so validity is unknown
dependent on mood states
prone to cultural differences

43
Q

response inventory strengths

A

strong face validity due to specificity

44
Q

response inventory weaknesses

A

inaccurate self-reporting

not all tests are standardized, valid, or reliable

45
Q

neuro test strengths

A

high reliability, validity, and standardization

46
Q

neuro test weaknesses

A

usually requires many tests to be used together (a battery)

47
Q

intelligence test strengths

A

high reliability, validity, and standardization

48
Q

intelligence test weaknesses

A

usually an indirect measure of intelligence

can be influenced by other factors

49
Q

naturalistic/analog observation strengths

A

be able to see things in action

less prone to bias as outside observer

50
Q

naturalistic/analog observation weaknesses

A

often poor validity and reliability

51
Q

self-monitoring observation strengths

A

gain access to client’s infrequent behaviors and private thoughts

52
Q

self-monitoring observation weaknesses

A

often requires training
sometimes inaccurate due to bias
can inadvertently change behavior being measured

abnormal psych (9 decks)

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