eating disorders

Question 1

anorexia criteria

Answer 1

• restriction of energy intake resulting in significantly low body weight
• intense fear of gaining weight
• body image disturbance

Question 2

anorexia, restricting type

Answer 2

no binging/purging, weight loss achieved though diet/fasting/exercise

Question 3

anorexia, binge/purge type

Answer 3

recurrent episodes of binging/purging

Question 4

ego-syntonic

Answer 4

disorder is consistent with how the person wants to be

Question 5

bulimia criteria

Answer 5

• recurrent binge eating
• compensatory behaviors for overeating
• self-eval heavily influenced by body shape/weight

Question 6

ego-dystonic

Answer 6

secretive and shameful regarding behavior, does not align with who you want to be

Question 7

associated features of bulimia

Answer 7

• within 10% normal body weight
• rigid thinking (all good, all bad)
• impulsive behavior elsewhere

Question 8

binge eating disorder criteria

Answer 8

• distress about binging

- no recurrent compensatory behaviors

Question 9

sociocultural factors

Answer 9

• ideal female shape has evolved to become thinner
• social media exposure
• disproportionately affects people with careers made to be seen by others

Question 10

cultural factors

Answer 10

historically less rates in developing countries, but gap closing with globalization
ex. Fijian study with media exposure

Question 11

gender differences in ED

Answer 11

• larger proportion of men with ED related to job or sports
• men with ED tend to be gay/bisexual
• women diet, men exercise to lose weight

Question 12

Minunchin’s characteristics of AN families

Answer 12

1. enmeshed
2. overprotective parents
3. rigidity
4. conflict avoidance
5. poor conflict resolution

Question 13

sick role

Answer 13

parents avoidant to developmental changes to maintain family structure, so support ED behaviors to keep child at home

Question 14

psychodynamic interpretation

Answer 14

ego deficiencies (needs defined by mother), low independence

Question 15

cognitive interpretation

Answer 15

core pathology = judge self on shape, weight, and control

Question 16

binge-purge cycle

Answer 16

diet (control) -> hunger (anxiety) -> eat (rigid thinking) -> binge (guilt) -> purge (redemption)

Question 17

binge/purge reinforcement

Answer 17

binge: positive reinforcement from pleasure of eating
purge: negative reinforcement of expelling uncomfortable guilt after binge

Question 18

biological theories

Answer 18

• genetics
• overlap with brain circuits linked to GAD, OCD, depression
• hypothalamus dysfunction

Question 19

hypothalamus and hunger

Answer 19

lateral: produces hunger
ventromedial: reduces hunger

Question 20

affect regulation

Answer 20

use binge eating as coping mechanism for stressors in life

Question 21

binge eating cycle

Answer 21

binging provides temporary emotional comfort -> later causes regret and self-loathing -> binge to feel better

Question 22

treatment goals

Answer 22

1. weight gain/nutritional stability

2. behavioral/psychological alterations to change behaviors and self-perceptions

Question 23

anorexia treatment

Answer 23

• refeeding

- cognitive behavioral therapy

Question 24

CBT for anorexia

Answer 24

behavioral: monitor hunger, intake, feelings
cognitive: change cognitive distortions, develop alternate coping strategies

Question 25

bulimia treatment

Answer 25

• individual therapy
• antidepressants
• nutritional counseling

Question 26

individual therapy goals for bulimia

Answer 26

control stressors causing binge/purge behavior