Reproductive tract disorders Flashcards
what are some metabolic abnormailities in pregnancy?
- hypocalcaemia
- hypoglycaemia
what are some reasons for resorption and abortion to happen in bitches?
- brucella canis
- distemper
- herpesvirus
- toxoplasma gondii
what is an embryo?
when the characteristics of the species are not discernible (before 35 days)
what is resorption?
happens before 35 days where the body resorbs the conceptus
what is abortion?
The expulsion of the foetus before 58 days
what is a pseudopregnancy?
- pseudocyesis
- false pregnancy
- occurs 40-60 days after oestrus
- high levels of progesterone at the end of heat cycle
- bitches can show false signs of pregnancy due to prolactin
what are some signs of a pseudopregnancy?
- nesting
- aggression
- mammary development
- lactation
- maternal behaviour
- licking abdomen
- enlarged abdomen and weight gain
what are some reasons for resorption and abortion to happen in queens?
- feline herpesvirus
- panleucopaenia
- leukaemia
- infectious peritonitis
- toxoplasma gondii
what is a pyometra?
- caused secondarily by increasing levels of progesterone following ovulation
- hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the uterus
- infection of the uterus by a pathogen - Escherichia coli
when are pyometra signs seen?
3 weeks following oestrus
what are some clinical signs of a pyometra?
- lethargy
- pyrexia
- anorexia
- +/- vulval discharge
what is CEH?
cystic endometrial hyperplasia
what is cystic endometrial hyperplasia?
- uterine disease
- progressive pathological change of the uterine lining
- occurs in response to progesterone during metoestrus
- usually resolves in younger dogs but less likely in older dogs
what are some post-parturient conditions?
- placenta retention
- postpartum metritis
- postpartum haemorrhage
- subinvolution of placental sites
what is postpartum metritis?
a uterine infection and inflammation in female dogs that occurs after giving birth
what is subinvolution of placenta sites?
a delay of normal involution (shrinkage) process, often causes persistent haemorrhage
what is a uterine prolapse?
- usually happens within a few hours of delivery of the last neonate
- happens because the cervix is open and the uterus lack tone
what is agalactia?
absence of milk
what are the two categories of agalactia?
- true agalactia - falure of milk production
- failure of milk letdown
how can you treat agalactia?
- oxytocin
- metaclopramide
what is mastitis?
- inflammation of the mammary gland
- usually the result of an infection through blood or teat
what is a uterine adenocarcinoma?
- seen in rabbits
- malignant tumour that arises from the secretory tissue that lines the inner cavity of the uterus
what are some signs of a uterine adenocarcinoma?
- vaginal discharge stained with blood
- cysts in mammary gland
- behavioural changes
- lethargy
- mammary growths
- abdominal masses
what happens to the prostate after castration?
totally regresses after castration due to no testosterone
