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anatomy and physiology > Reproductive systems > Flashcards

Reproductive systems Flashcards

1
Q

what separates the two scrotum into two compartments?

A

scrotal septum

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2
Q

what is each testis suspended by?

A

spermatic cord

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3
Q

what are the two tissue layers of the testis?

A

tunica vaginalis (outer)and tunica albuginea

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4
Q

what are seminiferous tubules made from?

A

sertoli cells

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5
Q

what are the roles of the sertoli cells?

A

secrete nutrients for developing spermatozoa

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6
Q

what is mitosis?

A

diploid spermatogonia duplicate forming diploid primary spermatocytes

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7
Q

what is meiosis 1?

A

primary spermatocytes divide into 2 haploid daughter cells (secondary spermatocytes)

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8
Q

what is meiosis 11?

A

secondary spermatocytes divide to form 4 haploid daughter cells (spermatids)

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9
Q

what is spermatogenesis?

A

development of spermatids into mature spermatozoa

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10
Q

what are the endocrine functions?

A

leydig cells between seminiferous tubules secrete testosterone close to capillary

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11
Q

what happens if the testes get too cold?

A

drawn closer to the body by the cremaster muscle

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12
Q

what is the epididymis?

A

spermatozoa are stored and matured in the tail

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13
Q

what is the role of the vas deferent?

A

stores and conveys spermatoza

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14
Q

what is the role if the seminal vesicle?

A

joins vas deferens to form ejaculatory duct where sperm and seminal fluid are mixed 60% of semen volume

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15
Q

what is the role of the prostrate gland?

A

surrounds prosthetic urethra, milky acidic fluid , 30% of semen volume, role in activating sperm

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16
Q

what is in the fluid released from the prosthetic gland?

A

citrate, enzymes and prostatic specific antigen

17
Q

what is prostatitis?

A

pain when urintaing and ejaculating

18
Q

what is the treatment for prostatitis?

A

antibiotics, painkiler, alpha adrenergic blockers

19
Q

what are the symptoms of prostrate cancer?

A

during coughing and sneezing, blood enter urine

20
Q

what are the roles of the bulbourethal gland?

A

below prostate gland, mucus like secretion enters uretha during arousal to neutralise urine residue

21
Q

what happens during erection?

A

arteries dilate, penis becomes distended, compression of veins reduced outward blood flow

22
Q

what is emission?

A

sympathetic control, release of small volume of seminal fluid before ejaculation

23
Q

what is ejaculation?

A

contraction of bulbospongiosus muscle

24
Q

what are the functions of semen?

A

transport medium, nutrients, chemicals which activate and protect the sperm

anatomy and physiology (12 decks)

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