Reproductive System-Male

Question 1

T/f: scrotum is 3 degrees cooler than body temp

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What type of muscle is in the scrotum?

Answer 2

Smooth

Question 3

T/f: temp is critical to sperm survival

Question 4

Where is testosterone produced and by what? What is it triggered by?

Answer 4

Testes, produced by leydig cells
Triggered by LH

Question 5

Where is sperm produced?

Answer 5

Testes

Question 6

What is the maturation time for sperm?

Answer 6

64-74 days

Question 7

Flow much sperm is produced a day?

Answer 7

200 million (20% rejects

Question 8

Explain the anatomy of a sperm:

Answer 8

-Tail
-DNA head
-acrosome (digestive enzymes, break down egg wall)
-Mitochondria (energy)

Question 9

What are germ cells?

Answer 9

Sperm forming cells

Question 10

What are sustentacular cells-sertoli cells?

Answer 10

Support cells (surround germ cells)

Question 11

What do sertoli cells do?

Answer 11

• create blood-testis barrier (tight junctions)
• assist sperm production (differentiation, phagocytes detective sperm)
• secrete seminiferous fluid
  -Aids leydig cells to secrete testosterone
• secretes inhibin (inhibits FSH)

Question 12

What is the site of sperm production?

Answer 12

Epididymis (6m long, 20 day journey)

Question 13

What is the role of ductus or vas deferens?

Answer 13

Stores and transports sperm (up to 2 months then reabsorbed)

Question 14

What are the 3 accessory glands?

Answer 14

• Seminal vesicles
• prostate S.
• bulbourethral gland

Question 15

What % of semen is in the seminal vesicles?

Answer 15

60

Question 16

What does the seminal vesicle secrete and why?

Answer 16

• fructose to nourish sperm
  -Alkali to neutralize vaginal acid
  -Substances for sperm motility
• prostaglandins for vaginal contractions
  -Clotting factors

Question 17

What does the prostate encircle?

Answer 17

Urethra

Question 18

How much seminal fluid does the prostate hold?

Answer 18

25 - 30%

Question 19

What does the prostate secrete and why?

Answer 19

• alkali to neutralize vaginal acid
  -prostaglandins to enhance sperm motility
  Enzymes that dot then liquefy schen

Question 20

What does the bulbourethal gland do?

Answer 20

Produce mucus →> enters uretra and neutralizes traces of acidic urine and lubricates it

Question 21

What is ejaculation?

Answer 21

Vasodilation to penis (Inc blood flow)
Sympathetic control

Question 22

Are erections under parasympathetic or sympathetic control?

Answer 22

Parasympathetic

Question 23

How much sperm is in ejaculate?

Answer 23

400 million

Question 24

List som male fertility problems:

Answer 24

• blocked tubules
• decreased stem count or quality (hormonal)
• decreased sperm motility (hormonal)
• decreased accessory plan secretion

Question 25

What are the differences between male (y) and female (x) sperm?

Answer 25

Male: -Light, fast, fragile - die in 24 hrs - conceived Ir deposit close to ovulation Female: - leave, slow, hardier -Live 2-3 days - conceived if deposit earlier in cycle

Question 26

What % of sperm delivered to vagina?

Answer 26

100

Question 27

What % of sperm survive to cervix?

Answer 27

3

Question 28

What % of sperm survive to uterus?

Answer 28

.1

Question 29

What % of sperm survive to oviducts (site of fertilization)?

Answer 29

0.001

Question 30

What is fertilization followed by?

Answer 30

Cell cleavage (many smaller cells called blastoneres)

Question 31

What are the stages of early development of a zygote?

Answer 31

-Cleavage -Implantation - gastrulation -Placentation -Organogenesis

Question 32

What 2 major things at 5 weeks gestation?

Answer 32

- Heart is beating - placenta is fully operational

Question 33

What are the 3 stages of labour?

Answer 33

- Cervical dilation - delivery of baby - delivery of placenta

Question 34

What happens during cervical dilation?

Answer 34

High oxytocin Longest stage (2-24 hrs)

Question 35

How long is delivery of baby?

Answer 35

30 - 90 min

Question 36

What occurs during delivery of placenta?

Answer 36

Uterine contractions separate placenta from uterine wall Usually with 15 to 30 min after baby is born

Question 37

What occurs after delivery?

Answer 37

Uterus shrinks to pregestational size