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KNES 260 > Reproductive System-Male > Flashcards

Reproductive System-Male Flashcards

1
Q

T/f: scrotum is 3 degrees cooler than body temp

A

True

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2
Q

What type of muscle is in the scrotum?

A

Smooth

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3
Q

T/f: temp is critical to sperm survival

A
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4
Q

Where is testosterone produced and by what? What is it triggered by?

A

Testes, produced by leydig cells
Triggered by LH

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5
Q

Where is sperm produced?

A

Testes

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6
Q

What is the maturation time for sperm?

A

64-74 days

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7
Q

Flow much sperm is produced a day?

A

200 million (20% rejects

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8
Q

Explain the anatomy of a sperm:

A

-Tail
-DNA head
-acrosome (digestive enzymes, break down egg wall)
-Mitochondria (energy)

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9
Q

What are germ cells?

A

Sperm forming cells

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10
Q

What are sustentacular cells-sertoli cells?

A

Support cells (surround germ cells)

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11
Q

What do sertoli cells do?

A
  • create blood-testis barrier (tight junctions)
  • assist sperm production (differentiation, phagocytes detective sperm)
  • secrete seminiferous fluid
    -Aids leydig cells to secrete testosterone
  • secretes inhibin (inhibits FSH)
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12
Q

What is the site of sperm production?

A

Epididymis (6m long, 20 day journey)

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13
Q

What is the role of ductus or vas deferens?

A

Stores and transports sperm (up to 2 months then reabsorbed)

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14
Q

What are the 3 accessory glands?

A
  • Seminal vesicles
  • prostate S.
  • bulbourethral gland
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15
Q

What % of semen is in the seminal vesicles?

A

60

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16
Q

What does the seminal vesicle secrete and why?

A
  • fructose to nourish sperm
    -Alkali to neutralize vaginal acid
    -Substances for sperm motility
  • prostaglandins for vaginal contractions
    -Clotting factors
17
Q

What does the prostate encircle?

A

Urethra

18
Q

How much seminal fluid does the prostate hold?

A

25 - 30%

19
Q

What does the prostate secrete and why?

A
  • alkali to neutralize vaginal acid
    -prostaglandins to enhance sperm motility
    Enzymes that dot then liquefy schen
20
Q

What does the bulbourethal gland do?

A

Produce mucus →> enters uretra and neutralizes traces of acidic urine and lubricates it

21
Q

What is ejaculation?

A

Vasodilation to penis (Inc blood flow)
Sympathetic control

22
Q

Are erections under parasympathetic or sympathetic control?

A

Parasympathetic

23
Q

How much sperm is in ejaculate?

A

400 million

24
Q

List som male fertility problems:

A
  • blocked tubules
  • decreased stem count or quality (hormonal)
  • decreased sperm motility (hormonal)
  • decreased accessory plan secretion
25
Q

What are the differences between male (y) and female (x) sperm?

A

Male:
-Light, fast, fragile
- die in 24 hrs
- conceived Ir deposit close to ovulation
Female:
- leave, slow, hardier
-Live 2-3 days
- conceived if deposit earlier in cycle

26
Q

What % of sperm delivered to vagina?

A

100

27
Q

What % of sperm survive to cervix?

A

3

28
Q

What % of sperm survive to uterus?

A

.1

29
Q

What % of sperm survive to oviducts (site of fertilization)?

A

0.001

30
Q

What is fertilization followed by?

A

Cell cleavage (many smaller cells called blastoneres)

31
Q

What are the stages of early development of a zygote?

A

-Cleavage
-Implantation
- gastrulation
-Placentation
-Organogenesis

32
Q

What 2 major things at 5 weeks gestation?

A
  • Heart is beating
  • placenta is fully operational
33
Q

What are the 3 stages of labour?

A
  • Cervical dilation
  • delivery of baby
  • delivery of placenta
34
Q

What happens during cervical dilation?

A

High oxytocin
Longest stage (2-24 hrs)

35
Q

How long is delivery of baby?

A

30 - 90 min

36
Q

What occurs during delivery of placenta?

A

Uterine contractions separate placenta from uterine wall
Usually with 15 to 30 min after baby is born

37
Q

What occurs after delivery?

A

Uterus shrinks to pregestational size

KNES 260 (9 decks)

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