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KNES 260 > Reproductive System-Female > Flashcards

Reproductive System-Female Flashcards

1
Q

What are the ovaries held in place by?

A

Broad ligament
Suspensory ligament
Ovarian ligament
Mesenteries

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2
Q

What are the 2 functions of the ovaries?

A
  • Follicle development
    -Estrogen/progesterone production
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3
Q

How many follicles do you have at birth?

A

700000

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4
Q

How many follicles develop per month?

A

1-2

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5
Q

LH stimulates Theca cells to produce what?

A

Androgens

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6
Q

FSH trigger granolas cells to convert what?

A

Convert androgens→ estrogens

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7
Q

What are primary oocytes surrounded by?

A

Single layer of granolas cells

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8
Q

Oocyte + granolas cells →?

A

Primary follicle

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9
Q

T/f: several primordial follicles start to develop but only one becomes the primary follicle

A

True

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10
Q

Follicles mature in what?

A

Ovary

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11
Q

T/f: at ovulation secondary follicles push out of ovary wall

A

True

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12
Q

What is the site of fertilization?

A

Ovarian tubes

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13
Q

What happens in the ovarian tubes?

A

Fimbrae draw ovum into fallopian tubes, cilia and smooth muscle help move the ovum toward the uterus

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14
Q

What type of muscle is the uterus?

A

Smooth

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15
Q

What are the 2 layers of the endometrium?

A

Basal layer (constantly dividing)
Functional layer (shed each month)

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16
Q

Where is the site of implantation?

A

Endometrium of uterus

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17
Q

Where is the site of sperm deposition?

A

Vagina

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18
Q

What is the role of mucous in the vagina?

A

Aids sperm survival

19
Q

What is the role of acid secretion in the vagina?

A

Protection

20
Q

What is billing’s method?

A

A way to achieve pregnancy

21
Q

What does the ovarian cycle prepare?

A

Ova for ovulation

22
Q

What does the uterine cycle prepare?

A

Endometrium

23
Q

T/f: menstrual cycles are hormone controlled

A

True

24
Q

How long is the ovarian cycle?

A

28 days (2 phases)

25
Q

What hormone is higher during the follicular phase, maturing follicles (1-14)?

A

FSH (estrogen is secreted)

26
Q

What causes ovulation (14)?

A

Spike in FSH and LH

27
Q

What hormones are secreted during the luteal phase (14-28)?

A

Estrogen and progesterone

28
Q

How long is the uterine/menstrual cycle?

A

28 days, 3 phases

29
Q

What are the 3 phases of the menstrual cycle?

A
  • Menstrual ( 1-7)
  • proliferative (7 - 14)
  • secretary or progestational (14 - 28)
30
Q

What triggers the menstrual phase (shedding of functional layer)?

A

Drop in estrogen and progesterone

31
Q

What hormone is higher in the proliferative phase?

A

Estrogen

32
Q

What occurs in the proliferative phase?

A

Repairs uterine wall

33
Q

What hormones are higher during secretary or progestational phase?

A

Estrogen and progesterone

34
Q

What happens during the secretary or progestational phase?

A

Endometrium thickens in readiness for implantation

35
Q

What occurs if egg is not fertilized?

A

Corpus luteum Degenerates
Estrogen and progesterone drop — menses

36
Q

What occurs if egg is fertilized?

A

HCG is secreted → corpus luteum maintained →> estrogen and progesterone stay high → no menses

37
Q

What causes female infertility?

A

-Abnormal production of FSH and/or LH
Irregular menstrual cycles
Endometriosis
Acidic vagina
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Thick mucous
Aging
Blocked tubules

38
Q

Name some ways we can enhance fertility?

A

-Fertility enhancing drugs (act on FSH and LH)
Artificial insemmination
- IVF
GIFT
ZIFT

39
Q

Types of birth control:

A

-Pill (inhibits LH and FSH by controlling E or p → no ovulation)
-spermacide
-IUd
Barrier
Morning after pill (high E and P - when they drop you get your period)

Surgical:
-vasectomy
-tubal ligation
-hysterectomy

40
Q

What is menopause?

A

Cessation of woman’s menstrual cycle around ages 45-55
Trigger by hypothalamic change

41
Q

What is endometriosis?

A

Abnormal growth of endometrial tissue inside or outside of uterus (can lead to eggs implanting elsewhere)

42
Q

Name the bacterial STD’s:

A

-Syphilis (lesions, rashes)
- gonorrhea (discharge, painful urination, burning itch)
-chlamydia (discharge, burning, itch can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease)

43
Q

Name the viral STD’s:

A
  • HIV→ leads to AIDS (destroys immune system)
  • hepatitis b -contagious, affects liver
    -genital herpes (blister, may infect children during birth)
    -HPV (genital warts, two types can cause cervical cancer)
44
Q

Other STD’s:

A

-yeast
-Trichomoniasis
-Pubic lice (crabs)

KNES 260 (9 decks)

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