Reproductive System Flashcards
Cremaster muscle
Draws testes closer into the body to keep em warm
Dartos muscle
contracts to wrinkle scrotum skin to reduce SA for heat to escape. So it keeps em warm
I am the cell that is responsible for spermatogenesis
Sertoli cells
I am responsible for the secretion of androgens in males. I am not the adrenal gland.
Leydig cells
Structure for storage and maturation of sperm
Epididymus
Where do sperm travel once exiting the epididymus?
Vas deferens
Bulbourethral gland
Also called cowpers gland- secreted lubricant into urethra and neutralizes remaining acidic urine
Place into the correct order: Seminiferous tubules Penis Epididymis Vas Deferens Urethra Ejaculatory duct
Seminiferous tubules Epididymis Vas Deferens Ejaculatory duct Urethra Penis
Place in the correct order Spermatogonial stem cells Spermatozoa Spermatogonia Secondary spermatocytes Primary spermatocytes Spermatids
Spermatogonial stem cells
Spermatogonia
Primary spermatocytes
Secondary spermatocytes
Spermatids
Spermatozoa
Seminal Vesicles
The seminal vesicles provide nutrients in the form of fructose and vitamins as well as supplementary enzymes and proteins necessary for spermatozoa to survive their journey through male and female reproductive tracts.
True or False: Oogenesis is arrested at prophase I until puberty
TRUE. Oogenesis begins in fetal development. The cells start to undergo meiosis but are arrested at prophose I until puberty.
The primary oocyte is arrested in prophase I until puberty. After the commencement of puberty, a small number of primary oocytes resume oogenesis and develop into secondary oocytes. These secondary oocytes in turn freeze their development at metaphase II. At ovulation, a secondary oocyte is released. If fertilization occurs, then meiosis II is completed.
Place in the correct order: Primordial germ cells Fertilized ovum Oogonia Secondary oocyte Primary oocyte Arrest in metaphase II
Primordial germ cells
Oogonia
Primary oocyte
Secondary oocyte
Arrest in metaphase II
Fertilized ovum
True or false: Secondary spermatocytes are diploid because they still have TWO copies of identical chromosomes.
This statement is false. Secondary spermatocytes have undergone meiosis I, in which homologous chromosomes separate. Each secondary spermatocyte is therefore haploid and contains identical copies of each chromosome (sister chromatids).
Which hormone acts on sertoli cells?
FSH
Which hormone acts on leydig cells to produced testosterone?
LH
Which hormone promotes spermatogenesis?
FSH
Which hormone promotes testosterone production?
LH
True or False: The corpus luteum produces progesterone to help maintain the lining of the uterus for implantation
True
How does the body know not to proceed with another menstral cycle when implantation has occured?
Embryo secretes HcG human chorionic gonadotropin whihc helps maintain the corpus luteum.
True or false: A female of reproductive age likely forms at least one corpus albicans per month.
The corpus albicans is the degenerate scar tissue from a corpus luteum. The corpus luteum is comprised of the cells of a ruptured ovarian follicle. In a female of reproductive age, on average, one follicle ruptures during every menstrual cycle. After this ruptured follicle forms the corpus luteum, if fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum becomes the corpus albicans.
How does estrogen impact it own secretion?
It can exert positive and negative feedback on the release of GnRH from hypothalamus. At high concentrations, estrogen actually stimulates the release of GnRH and, consequently, more estrogen. Estrogen exerts a positive feedback during this time. This is the precursor to the LH and FSH surge during ovulation.
What hormone has a negative feedback on LH?
Progesterone has a negative feedback effect on the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) by the anterior pituitary and is secreted by the corpus luteum.
