Development Flashcards
Which layer does muscle originate from?
Mesoderm (connective tissue originates from here)
Which layer does blood originate from?
Mesoderm(connective tissue originates from here)
Which layer does bone originate from?
Mesoderm(connective tissue originates from here)
Which layer do lens of the eyes originate from?
Ectoderm
Which layer does the PNS originiate from?
Ectoderm
Which layer does the CNS originate from?
Ectoderm
What layer does your heart and circulatory system originate from?
The circulatory system arises from the mesoderm.
True or False: The notocord develops into the CNS
False
True or False: The neural crest originates from ectoderm cells.
True
What germ layer do the gonads originate from?
Mesoderm
Describe the process of neurulation
What is the defining characteristic of the gastrula?
It has the three primary germ layers. This stage is after the blastula.
Which germ layer does the bladder originate from?
Endoderm
Which layer do the kidneys originate from?
Mesoderm
Which layer do the gonads originate from?
Mesoderm
Put in order from smallest to largest:
Morula
Blastocyst
Zygote
Zygote, Morula, Blastocyst
Describe the structure of a blastocyst
True or False: The trophoblast develops into the placenta
True
Which germ layer do the respiratory and GI tracts originate from?
Endoderm
Which layer do the adrenal glands originate from?
Mesoderm
What structure feature below does the PNS originate from?
Neural Crest
Parturition
Birth
Teratogen
substance that interferes with development causing defects or even death in a developing embryo
True or False: Before fertilization, the oocyte is known as a rimary oocyte
False, it is a secondary oocyte
What are the two major outer layers of the oocyte that the sperm must break through?
Outermost is the corona radiata, second layer is the zona pellucida
What prevents polyspermy?
The cortical reaction after the sperm penetrate the membrane. Calcium ions are released and depolarize the membrane making it so it cannot be fertilized by multiple sperm
Acrosome
tip of sperm, forms the acrosomal apperatus during fertilization which extends to penetrate cell membrane
When does meiosis II occur?
After fertilization has occured
True or False: in development, the wolfarian duct develops in females and the mullerian duct forms in males
False, the opposite is true
In fetuses, what carries oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to and from the fetus?
Oxygenated blood is carried to the fetus through the umbilical veins (carries blood toward the fetus from the placenta), deoxygenated is carried vis umbilical arteries (carries blood away from the fetus towards placenta)
True or False: Lungs function in a developing fetus
False, they do not. The fetus relies on maternal blood supply
True or False: the liver does not function in the fetus
True
Ductus Arteriosis
This is one of two shunts that redirects blood away from the lungs. It shunts leftover blood from the pulomonary artery to the aorta so blood goes into systematic circulation.
Foramen Ovale
This is one of the fetal shunts that directs blood from the lungs. This is one of two shunts designed to bypass the lungs because lungs are underdeveloped. The foramen ovale is a one way vlave that connects the right and left atrium. Blood entering the right atrium from the IVC flows to the left atrium instead of the the right ventricle so it is pumped directly into systematic circulation.
Ductus Venosus
This is the fetal shunt that redirects blood away from the liver. It shunts blood returning form the placenta via the umbilical vein directly to thr IVC
What is the major hormone used to detect pregnancy?
HcG- Human chorionic gonadotropin
What two hormones coordinate parturition?
Oxytocin and prostaglandins
From which germ layer(s) do the tissues of the heart and blood vessels differentiate?
Mesoderm
Recall muscle and connective tissue arise fromthe mesoderm
