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Biology 12 > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

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1
Q

There are large numbers of mitochondria in the ____ of a sperm

A

Midpiece

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2
Q

The ____ phase occurs second in the menstrual cycle - when the corpus luteum is releasing hormones

A

Luteal

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3
Q

These cells help to “nanny” or “nurse” sperm along to full maturity

A

Sertoli

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4
Q

The seminiferous tubules are so long in order to increase the _____ for development of large numbers of sperm

A

Surface area

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5
Q

The typical female menstrual cycle lasts ____ days

A

28

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6
Q

The lining of the uterus

A

Endometrium

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7
Q

These glands provide milk to the newborn baby

A

Mammary

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8
Q

A human sperm or egg contains _____ chromosomes

A

23

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9
Q

____ muscle is found in the various tubules to propel their contents

A

Smooth

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10
Q

Organ used for the storage of urine

A

Urinary bladder

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11
Q

The follicle which releases an egg from the ovary turns into the _____, which begins releasing hormones

A

Corpus luteum

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12
Q

The male sex cell

A

Sperm

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13
Q

This substance fills the penis and clitoris during arousal

A

Blood

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14
Q

The ____ cap on the head of the sperm contains enzymes which help it to break through the outer layer of the egg

A

Acrosome

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15
Q

The ____ gland secretes an alkaline fluid into the semen

A

Prostate

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16
Q

An organ which forms in the uterus during pregnancy

A

Placenta

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17
Q

Mothers produce ____ to feed their newborn babies

A

Milk

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18
Q

The female sex cell

A

Egg/ovum

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19
Q

The ____ phase of the menstrual cycle occurs first; this is when a follicle is developing in an ovary

A

Follicular

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20
Q

Both sperm and eggs are haploid because they were formed via the process of ______

A

Meiosis

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21
Q

_____ is produced by the breasts in the first couple of days of breast feeding - it contains more protein and less fat than milk

A

Colostrum

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22
Q

The fertilized egg is known as a _____

A

Zygote

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23
Q

The inner portion of the labia is known as the labia _____

A

Minora

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24
Q

The name of the fluid which is ejaculated from the penis

A

Semen

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25
Q

A collective term referring to all of the external female genitalia

A

Vulva

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26
Q

In order to mature properly, sperm must form in an environment that is ____ than the normal internal body temperature

A

Cooler

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27
Q

This hormone, secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, is responsible for initiating the production of either sperm or eggs (depends on the individual)

A

FSH

28
Q

The male copulatory organ

A

Penis

29
Q

The female hormone which dominates in the latter portion of the menstrual cycle

A

Progesterone

30
Q

These finger-like structures waft the egg cell from the ovary into the oviduct

A

Fimbriae

31
Q

Inhibin being produced as sperm quantities increase in the testes is an example of a ____ feedback system

A

Negative

32
Q

The birth canal; also a receptacle for the penis during copulation

A

Vagina

33
Q

The expulsion of semen from the penis

A

Ejaculation

34
Q

A tube leading from the bladder to the outside environment

A

Urethra

35
Q

The production of oxytocin during labour is an example of a _____ feedback system

A

Positive

36
Q

Found at the top of the vagina, this is the opening to the uterus

A

Cervix

37
Q

Sometimes called the womb - this is where the fetus develops

A

Uterus

38
Q

____ tissue in the penis fills during arousal

A

Erectile

39
Q

A structure which can be stimulated to produce sperm or eggs

A

Follicle

40
Q

The _____ tubules are the location of spermatogenesis

A

Seminiferous

41
Q

The hormone ____ is responsible for maintaining hormone levels to prevent menstruation during pregnancy

A

HCG

42
Q

This hormone is responsible for uterine contractions during labour and milk production post-partum

A

Oxytocin

43
Q

A skin sac which contains the testes

A

Scrotum

44
Q

A structure attached to the side of the testicle which contains numerous tubules

A

Epididymis

45
Q

The release of the lining of the uterus during the first days of the female cycle

A

Menstruation

46
Q

Rhythmic contractions of smooth muscle in vessels (e.g. vas deferens) to propel material through those vessels

A

Peristalsis

47
Q

The release of an egg on day 14 of the cycle due to a surge in luteinizing hormone

A

Ovulation

48
Q

Hormones found in semen which cause the uterus to contract

A

Prostaglandins

49
Q

Location of the erectile tissue in females; contains many nerve receptors; analogous to the penis in males

A

Clitoris

50
Q

A membrane which may cover the opening of the vagina

A

Hymen

51
Q

Paired organs which secrete fructose and prostaglandins

A

Seminal vesicles

52
Q

Breast milk contains numerous _____ which can help protect newborns from various diseases

A

Antibodies

53
Q

The male sex hormone which induces sperm production and male secondary sexual characteristics

A

Testosterone

54
Q

The female sex organ which produces eggs and hormones

A

Ovary

55
Q

Also known as the fallopian tube, this structure leads from the ovary to the uterus

A

Oviduct

56
Q

The uniting of the nuclei of a sperm and an egg is considered the moment of _______

A

Conception

57
Q

The location of sperm and testosterone production

A

Testes

58
Q

This hormone is released by the anterior pituitary gland and causes the sex organs to release either the male or female sex hormones (depends on the individual)

A

LH

59
Q

The _____ gland secretes a slippery fluid sometimes referred to as pre-ejaculate

A

Bulbourethral/Cowper’s

60
Q

Paired tubes which carry sperm from the testes to seminal vesicles

A

Vas deferens

61
Q

______ cells are responsible for the production of testosterone

A

Interstitial

62
Q

The female hormone which dominates in the early part of the menstrual cycle

A

Estrogen

63
Q

As sperm levels in the testes rise, this hormone is produced by the Sertoli cells which acts on the hypothalamus

A

Inhibin

64
Q

The labia ______ are the outer folds of the labia

A

Majora

65
Q

This hormone is released by the hypothalamus which causes the anterior pituitary gland to release LH and FSH

A

GnRH

66
Q

The ejaculatory ______ carries semen from the seminal vesicles to the urethra

A

Duct

Biology 12 (7 decks)

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