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Biology 12 > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

There are large numbers of mitochondria in the ____ of a sperm

A

Midpiece

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2
Q

The ____ phase occurs second in the menstrual cycle - when the corpus luteum is releasing hormones

A

Luteal

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3
Q

These cells help to “nanny” or “nurse” sperm along to full maturity

A

Sertoli

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4
Q

The seminiferous tubules are so long in order to increase the _____ for development of large numbers of sperm

A

Surface area

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5
Q

The typical female menstrual cycle lasts ____ days

A

28

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6
Q

The lining of the uterus

A

Endometrium

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7
Q

These glands provide milk to the newborn baby

A

Mammary

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8
Q

A human sperm or egg contains _____ chromosomes

A

23

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9
Q

____ muscle is found in the various tubules to propel their contents

A

Smooth

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10
Q

Organ used for the storage of urine

A

Urinary bladder

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11
Q

The follicle which releases an egg from the ovary turns into the _____, which begins releasing hormones

A

Corpus luteum

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12
Q

The male sex cell

A

Sperm

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13
Q

This substance fills the penis and clitoris during arousal

A

Blood

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14
Q

The ____ cap on the head of the sperm contains enzymes which help it to break through the outer layer of the egg

A

Acrosome

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15
Q

The ____ gland secretes an alkaline fluid into the semen

A

Prostate

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16
Q

An organ which forms in the uterus during pregnancy

A

Placenta

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17
Q

Mothers produce ____ to feed their newborn babies

A

Milk

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18
Q

The female sex cell

A

Egg/ovum

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19
Q

The ____ phase of the menstrual cycle occurs first; this is when a follicle is developing in an ovary

A

Follicular

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20
Q

Both sperm and eggs are haploid because they were formed via the process of ______

A

Meiosis

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21
Q

_____ is produced by the breasts in the first couple of days of breast feeding - it contains more protein and less fat than milk

A

Colostrum

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22
Q

The fertilized egg is known as a _____

A

Zygote

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23
Q

The inner portion of the labia is known as the labia _____

A

Minora

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24
Q

The name of the fluid which is ejaculated from the penis

A

Semen

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25
A collective term referring to all of the external female genitalia
Vulva
26
In order to mature properly, sperm must form in an environment that is ____ than the normal internal body temperature
Cooler
27
This hormone, secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, is responsible for initiating the production of either sperm or eggs (depends on the individual)
FSH
28
The male copulatory organ
Penis
29
The female hormone which dominates in the latter portion of the menstrual cycle
Progesterone
30
These finger-like structures waft the egg cell from the ovary into the oviduct
Fimbriae
31
Inhibin being produced as sperm quantities increase in the testes is an example of a ____ feedback system
Negative
32
The birth canal; also a receptacle for the penis during copulation
Vagina
33
The expulsion of semen from the penis
Ejaculation
34
A tube leading from the bladder to the outside environment
Urethra
35
The production of oxytocin during labour is an example of a _____ feedback system
Positive
36
Found at the top of the vagina, this is the opening to the uterus
Cervix
37
Sometimes called the womb - this is where the fetus develops
Uterus
38
____ tissue in the penis fills during arousal
Erectile
39
A structure which can be stimulated to produce sperm or eggs
Follicle
40
The _____ tubules are the location of spermatogenesis
Seminiferous
41
The hormone ____ is responsible for maintaining hormone levels to prevent menstruation during pregnancy
HCG
42
This hormone is responsible for uterine contractions during labour and milk production post-partum
Oxytocin
43
A skin sac which contains the testes
Scrotum
44
A structure attached to the side of the testicle which contains numerous tubules
Epididymis
45
The release of the lining of the uterus during the first days of the female cycle
Menstruation
46
Rhythmic contractions of smooth muscle in vessels (e.g. vas deferens) to propel material through those vessels
Peristalsis
47
The release of an egg on day 14 of the cycle due to a surge in luteinizing hormone
Ovulation
48
Hormones found in semen which cause the uterus to contract
Prostaglandins
49
Location of the erectile tissue in females; contains many nerve receptors; analogous to the penis in males
Clitoris
50
A membrane which may cover the opening of the vagina
Hymen
51
Paired organs which secrete fructose and prostaglandins
Seminal vesicles
52
Breast milk contains numerous _____ which can help protect newborns from various diseases
Antibodies
53
The male sex hormone which induces sperm production and male secondary sexual characteristics
Testosterone
54
The female sex organ which produces eggs and hormones
Ovary
55
Also known as the fallopian tube, this structure leads from the ovary to the uterus
Oviduct
56
The uniting of the nuclei of a sperm and an egg is considered the moment of _______
Conception
57
The location of sperm and testosterone production
Testes
58
This hormone is released by the anterior pituitary gland and causes the sex organs to release either the male or female sex hormones (depends on the individual)
LH
59
The _____ gland secretes a slippery fluid sometimes referred to as pre-ejaculate
Bulbourethral/Cowper's
60
Paired tubes which carry sperm from the testes to seminal vesicles
Vas deferens
61
______ cells are responsible for the production of testosterone
Interstitial
62
The female hormone which dominates in the early part of the menstrual cycle
Estrogen
63
As sperm levels in the testes rise, this hormone is produced by the Sertoli cells which acts on the hypothalamus
Inhibin
64
The labia ______ are the outer folds of the labia
Majora
65
This hormone is released by the hypothalamus which causes the anterior pituitary gland to release LH and FSH
GnRH
66
The ejaculatory ______ carries semen from the seminal vesicles to the urethra
Duct

Biology 12 (7 decks)

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