Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 12 > Enzymes and Homeostasis > Flashcards

Enzymes and Homeostasis Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

In an enzyme catalyzed reaction, reaction rate will continue to increase with the addition of more substrate until all enzyme active sites are _____. The addition of more substrate beyond this point will result in no increase in reaction rate

A

Saturated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Components of the body which detect temperature changes

A

Thermoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The enzyme maltase decomposes the sugar ____.

A

Maltose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

This enzyme catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

A

Catalase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If your body temperature drops below normal, your brain may direct your body to start involuntary muscle contractions, which makes you start to _____.

A

Shiver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Components of the body which detect light

A

Photoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When the product of an enzyme catalyzed reaction binds to the ____ site on the enzyme, it causes a change to the shape of the active site and the enzyme becomes temporarily inactive

A

Allosteric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

_____ glands secrete hormones directly into the blood

A

Endocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

_____ glands secrete hormones into ducts

A

Exocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

An _____ occurs to correct the situation when a receptor detects that conditions in the body are out of the normal range

A

Adaptive response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The idea that the active site modifies its shape as it forms the enzyme-substrate complex

A

Induced fit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Every enzyme has an optimal ____ at which it will work in the body. The exact value of this will depend upon where in the body that enzyme is functioning. Values too far above OR below optimal will result in denaturation of the enzyme

A

pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In order to function properly, enzymes require an additional substance called a _____, which are typically inorganic ions of metals

A

Cofactor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cofactors can belong to this group of substances

A

Metals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Enzymes are said to be ____ because each enzyme catalyzes only one type of reaction

A

Specific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Enzyme activity can be reduced when temperatures become too _____. However, this situation CAN be reversed

A

Cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A biological catalyst is called an _____

A

Enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A word used to describe a substance which will combine with the active site of an enzyme during a reaction

A

Substrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Negative feedback ____ occurs when the increase in the product of an enzyme catalyzed reaction causes the rate of that reaction to slow by inhibiting the associated enzyme

A

Inhibition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Maintaining the internal environment of the body at equilibrium

A

Homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The model that considers the substrate and active site to be a perfect fit for each other

A

Lock and key

22
Q

Components of the body which detect chemical changes

A

Chemoreceptors

23
Q

_____ like mercury and lead can cause the denaturation of enzymes

A

Heavy metals

24
Q

The protein portion of an enzyme is called the _____

A

Apoenzyme

25
Q

Components of the body which detect changes in blood pressure

A

Pressoreceptors

26
Q

Insulin is an example of a ____ hormone

A

Peptide

27
Q

Blood pressure, blood pH, and blood glucose levels are all part of _____ feedback systems where the correction of the level which is out of range leads to a slowing or ceasing of the corrective measure

A

Negative

28
Q

The _____ energy is the amount of energy that is required to get a chemical reaction started

A

Activation

29
Q

This word refers to the combination of all the chemical reactions that are occurring within an organism

A

Metabolism

30
Q

Metabolic rate is controlled by the hormone thyroxin, which is produced in the ____ gland

A

Thyroid

31
Q

An organic, but non-protein substance (e.g. vitamin) which plays a role in forming a functioning enzyme

A

Coenzyme

32
Q

In order to cool your body, blood vessels near the surface of the skin will ______

A

Dilate

33
Q

_____ feedback systems are very rare in humans, but are present in situations like childbirth and breastfeeding

A

Positive

34
Q

All enzymes end in this suffix

A

-ase

35
Q

This element is required for the production of thyroxin

A

Iodine

36
Q

Increasing this factor will increase the rate of a chemical reaction (2 words)

A

Surface area

37
Q

____ are chemical messengers which help cells communicate with each other

A

Hormones

38
Q

The receptors for regulating body temperature are located in this part of the brain

A

Hypothalamus

39
Q

This word is what happens to a protein when its shape is changed by being exposed to heat or certain chemicals

A

Denaturation

40
Q

All of the body’s sensory receptors are connected to the ____ system

A

Nervous

41
Q

Organic, but non-protein cofactors are often derived from these substances

A

Vitamins

42
Q

Enzyme activity can be greatly reduced when temperatures get too _____. This situation is IRREVERSIBLE

A

Hot

43
Q

This enlargement of the throat can occur due to either hypothyroidism OR hyperthyroidism

A

Goiter

44
Q

Lipid-based hormones are composed of _____

A

Steroids

45
Q

The portion of an enzyme that binds with the substrate

A

Active site

46
Q

A _____ increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy

A

Catalyst

47
Q

A solution with a higher ____ will provide a faster reaction rate than a solution with one that is lower

A

Concentration

48
Q

A factor effecting the rate of a chemical reaction (one word, starts with T)

A

Temperature

49
Q

Many ____ are inhibitors that permanently bind to the active site of enzymes, rendering them inactive

A

Poisons

50
Q

The term metabolic _____ refers to a sequence of enzyme-catalyzed chemical reactions which are all linked to each other

A

Pathway

Biology 12 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions