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Biology 12 > Cell Membrane & Transport > Flashcards

Cell Membrane & Transport Flashcards

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1
Q

The ____ _____ model is used to describe the structure of the cell membrane

A

Fluid mosaic

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2
Q

A form of endocytosis where smaller substances are brought into the cell by forming vesicles at the cell membrane

A

Pinocytosis

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3
Q

____ transport via proteins requires no energy input

A

Facilitated

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4
Q

The _____ gland requires the active transport of iodine out of the blood and into its cells

A

Thyroid

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5
Q

A membrane is said to be _______ permeable if it lets some things pass through it, but does not allow other things to pass

A

Selectively

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6
Q

The movement of a vacuole out of the cell

A

Exocytosis

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7
Q

A homogenous mixture where one substance is dissolved into another

A

Solution

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8
Q

A type of endocytosis where larger substances are brought into the cell by forming vacuoles at the cell membrane

A

Phagocytosis

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9
Q

Receptor-______ endocytosis occurs when a substance binds to a receptor protein and causes another substance to be taken into the cell via vesicle formation

A

Mediated

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10
Q

If a plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, ____ may occur

A

Plasmolysis

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11
Q

If an animal cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, ___ may occur

A

Crenation

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12
Q

When an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, ____ may occur

A

Lysis

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13
Q

The sodium/potassium pump is found in large numbers in these kind of cells

A

Nerve

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14
Q

Carrier proteins are ____, meaning they only carry one type of particle

A

Specific

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15
Q

Refers to a solution that is less concentrated when compared to another solution

A

Hypotonic

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16
Q

The substance that does the dissolving in a solution

A

Solvent

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17
Q

____ sized molecules tend to produce a higher rate of diffusion

A

Smaller

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18
Q

_____ proteins catalyze chemical reactions on the cell membrane

A

Enzymatic

19
Q

_____ proteins cause a change to the cell membrane when a specifically shaped molecule binds to its binding site

A

Receptor

20
Q

The diffusion rate can be increased by raising the _____, which in turn increases the speed at which particles are moving

A

Temperature

21
Q

Active transport is able to move molecules _____ the concentration gradient

A

Against

22
Q

When solutions on either side of the membrane are the same concentration, there is ____ net movement of water or solute across the membrane

A

No

23
Q

Turgor pressure is important to plant cells because as their cells start to lose turgor pressure the plant will start to ____

A

Wilt

24
Q

The substance that is being dissolved in a solution

A

Solute

25
Q

A _____ protein uses ATP to change shape to move molecules across the cell membrane

A

Carrier

26
Q

This is a special type of diffusion where water is the substance that is moving

A

Osmosis

27
Q

“Water-fearing” - molecules which do not mix well with charged or polar molecules

A

Hydrophobic

28
Q

Refers to a solution that is the same concentration when compared to another solution

A

Isotonic

29
Q

A _____ protein only passes part way through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane

A

Peripheral

30
Q

This type of protein transport requires ATP as an energy source

A

Active

31
Q

A carbohydrate chain attached to a lipid molecule in the cell membrane

A

Glycolipid

32
Q

“Water-loving” - molecules which mix well with charged or polar molecules

A

Hydrophilic

33
Q

The rate of diffusion can be increased by increasing the _____ gradient

A

Concentration

34
Q

This occurs when there is a concentration gradient across a membrane and only water is able to pass through the membrane

A

Osmotic pressure

35
Q

A cell _____ protein has glycoproteins attached to it which are unique to each organism and aid in immune system recognition

A

Recognition

36
Q

This molecule is the energy currency of the cell

A

ATP

37
Q

Movement of molecules along a concentration gradient

A

Diffusion

38
Q

A carbohydrate chain attached to a protein in the cell membrane

A

Glycoprotein

39
Q

The movement of a vacuole into the cell

A

Endocytosis

40
Q

An ____ protein passes all the way through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane

A

Integral

41
Q

Refers to a solution that is more concentrated when compared to another solution

A

Hypertonic

42
Q

When movement of molecules does not require additional energy input, it is called

A

Passive

43
Q

If a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, an increase in ____ pressure will develop

A

Turgor

44
Q

A _____ protein allows a particular ion or molecule to pass through it with the concentration gradient and without the use of ATP

A

Channel

Biology 12 (7 decks)

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