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Biology 12 > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

One of the layers found in arteries which allows them to constrict or dilate to modify blood pressure

A

Smooth muscle

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2
Q

Larger blood vessels which carry blood back to the heart

A

Veins

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3
Q

The main part of the heart (mostly composed of muscle)

A

Myocardium

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4
Q

The chamber of the heart which receives blood from the rest of the body

A

Right atrium

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5
Q

Smaller vessels that carry blood away from the heart

A

Arterioles

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6
Q

The _____ receives blood returning from the lungs

A

Left atrium

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7
Q

Large vessels that carry blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

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8
Q

The sound made by the heart valves during atrial contraction

A

Lub

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9
Q

Oxygenated blood is found on the ____ side of the heart

A

Left

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10
Q

Contractions in these muscles help to push blood through the veins and back to the heart

A

Skeletal

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11
Q

The ____ node receives a signal from the SA node and initiates ventricular contraction

A

AV

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12
Q

The heart is able to beat without the control of the brain - therefore, heartbeat is said to be ____

A

Intrinsic

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13
Q

Relaxation of the heart muscle (lowest arterial blood pressure)

A

Diastole

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14
Q

The largest artery in the body

A

Aorta

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15
Q

A membrane which surrounds the heart

A

Pericardium

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16
Q

Smaller blood vessels which carry blood back to the heart

A

Venules

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17
Q

The pulmonary arteries carry blood back to the ____

A

Lungs

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18
Q

_____ circulation occurs on the right side of the heart

A

Pulmonary

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19
Q

The hepatic ____ vein takes blood from the small intestines to the liver

A

Portal

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20
Q

The ____ vena cava returns blood from the parts of the body that are below the heart

A

Inferior

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21
Q

The percentage of blood in the arteries at any one time

A

Twenty

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22
Q

The most muscular of the heart chambers

A

Left ventricle

23
Q

The ____ arteries and veins take blood to and from the kidneys

24
Q

The right ____ valve separates the right atrium and ventricle

A

Atrioventricular

25
____ circulation occurs on the left side of the heart
Systemic
26
These veins return blood from the head
Jugular
27
The pulmonary ____ valve prevents the back flow of blood as the right ventricle contracts to pump blood to the lungs
Semilunar
28
____ pressure is created by the presence of salts and plasma proteins found in blood
Osmotic
29
The ____ artery takes blood from the heart to the small intestine
Mesentary
30
The ____ node is known as the pacemaker, as it initiates the heartbeat
SA
31
The expansion of the blood vessels during systole
Pulse
32
Substances tend to move into the cells on the ____ side of the capillaries
Arterial
33
The number of layers of tissue in arteries
Three
34
A device used for measuring blood pressure
Sphygmomanometer
35
______ is lowest in the venules and veins
Blood pressure
36
The type of muscle found in the heart
Cardiac
37
The ____ arteries carry blood to the head
Carotid
38
Substances tend to move out of the cells and into the blood on the _____ side of the capillaries
Venous
39
Structures in veins which prevent the backflow of blood
Valves
40
Tiny blood vessels which deliver nutrients to individual cells
Capillaries
41
The ____ vena cava returns blood from the parts of the body that are above the heart
Superior
42
Maximum contraction of the ventricles - highest blood pressure
Systole
43
The wall which divides the two sides of the heart
Septum
44
These arteries and veins take blood to and from the arms
Subclavian
45
Another name for the left atrioventricular valve
Bicuspid valve
46
The ____ arteries take blood to the heart
Coronary
47
_____ is affected by stress, oxygen levels, exercise, and blood pressure
Heart rate
48
Total cross-sectional area of the blood vessels is highest in the ____ beds
Capillary
49
The ____ fibres carry the electrical signal down to the ventricles to initiate contraction
Purkinje
50
The aorta divides into the ____ arteries in the pelvic region
Iliac
51
These muscles can contract to stop the blood flow to capillary beds in certain areas of the body
Sphincter
52
Capillaries are only ___ cell layer thick in order to allow the most efficient transport of materials across their walls
One
53
The aortic ____ is where blood first leaves the left ventricle
Arch
54
One of the layers found in the arteries which allows them to "stretch" during a pulse
Elastin

Biology 12 (7 decks)

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