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Biology 12 > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

____ neurons carry nerve impulses TO the CNS

A

Sensory

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2
Q

Another word for a motor neuron

A

Efferent neuron

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3
Q

The portion of the cerebrum responsible for vision

A

Occipital lobe

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4
Q

The void running down the centre of the spinal cord

A

Central canal

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5
Q

The ____ nervous system contains all the nerves that effect the skeletal muscles and sensory organs

A

Somatic

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6
Q

The portion of the nervous system which is involuntary (not under your conscious control)

A

Autonomic

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7
Q

Shorter branches of a neuron which receive nerve impulses

A

Dendrites

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8
Q

The lobe of the cerebrum responsible for hearing and smelling

A

Temporal lobe

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9
Q

___ matter in the spinal cord contains bundles of myelinated axons

A

White

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10
Q

The portion of the cerebrum responsible for thinking

A

Frontal lobe

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11
Q

The central part of the neuron where most activities related to the maintenance of the cell occur

A

Cell body

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12
Q

The ____ period occurs when sodium and potassium ions are being returned to their resting potential concentrations

A

Refractory

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13
Q

Portion of the nervous system that is not the CNS

A

PNS

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14
Q

A horizontal section that connects the right and left hemispheres of the brain

A

Corpus callosum

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15
Q

During resting potential, ____ is the most common ion inside of the cell

A

Potassium

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16
Q

___ endings are at the end of the axon

A

Synaptic

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17
Q

A long extension of a nerve cell which transmits nerve impulses

A

Axon

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18
Q

The Nodes of ______ are breaks between myelinated sections of the axon

A

Ranvier

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19
Q

The stage of action potential where sodium ions begin to move into the cell

A

Depolarization

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20
Q

During resting potential, _____ is the most common ion outside of the cell

A

Sodium

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21
Q

The “master gland”

A

Pituitary gland

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22
Q

The coated portions of the axon are called ____ cells

A

Schwann

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23
Q

The portion of the cerebrum responsible for understanding speech

A

Parietal lobe

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24
Q

After an action potential, sodium and potassium are returned to their resting potential state by the process of ________

A

Active transport

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25
Q

A portion of the brain stem

A

Medulla oblongata

26
Q

A substance which coats the axons of nerve cells

A

Myelin

27
Q

Synaptic ______ contain the neurotransmitters within the axon ends

A

Vesicles

28
Q

An involuntary response which bypasses the brain

A

Reflex

29
Q

The three protective membranes around the spinal cord

A

Meninges

30
Q

The ventral root conducts nerve impulses _____ from the spinal cord

A

Away

31
Q

_____ transmission occurs because of the myelinated nature of the axon

A

Saltatory

32
Q

The space between the axon ends of one nerve cell and the dendrites of a neighbouring cell

A

Synapse

33
Q

Spinal ____ is found in the central canal and surrounding the spinal cord

A

Fluid

34
Q

The part of the brain responsible for conscious thought

A

Cerebrum

35
Q

____ transmitters make the post synaptic membrane more permeable to sodium and therefore more likely to produce an action potential

A

Excitatory

36
Q

A type of neuron found only in the CNS

A

Interneuron

37
Q

There are _______ cranial nerves attached to the brain

A

12

38
Q

Another word for a sensory neuron

A

Afferent

39
Q

A neurotransmitter released in response to the parasympathetic nervous system - puts you into a relaxed state

A

Acetylcholine

40
Q

The portion of the nervous system which puts you into a more relaxed state

A

Parasympathetic

41
Q

The stage of action potential where potassium ions begin to move out of the cell

A

Repolarization

42
Q

A neurotransmitter released by the sympathetic nervous system to induce the fight or flight response

A

Noradrenalin

43
Q

A component of the CNS (two words)

A

Spinal cord

44
Q

There are 31 pairs of _____ nerves

A

Spinal

45
Q

The name given to the nerve impulse that passes along a neuron

A

Action potential

46
Q

These substances break down neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft after their release

A

Enzymes

47
Q

The sodium/potassium pump requires the energy molecule _____

A

ATP

48
Q

A chemical that is released to transmit a nerve impulse from one nerve cell to the next

A

Neurotransmitter

49
Q

_____ transmitters make the post synaptic membrane less permeable to sodium and therefore less likely to produce an action potential

A

Inhibitory

50
Q

The portion of the nervous system which produces the fight or flight response

A

Sympathetic

51
Q

The dorsal root looks different than the ventral root due to the presence of an enlargement called the dorsal root ______

A

Ganglion

52
Q

_____ matter in the spinal cord contains mostly cell bodies

A

Grey

53
Q

The part of the brain responsible for balance

A

Cerebellum

54
Q

The portion of the brain responsible for maintaining homeostasis within the body

A

Hypothalamus

55
Q

The dorsal root conducts nerve impulses _____ the spinal cord

A

Toward

56
Q

The portion of the brain that receives all information from the senses (except for smell)

A

Thalamus

57
Q

Nerves are bundles of individual cells called

A

Neurons

58
Q

One component of the CNS (one word)

A

Brain

59
Q

____ neurons carry nerve impulses AWAY from the CNS

A

Motor

60
Q

The voltage inside a neuron at resting potential is approximately ______

A

-70 mV

Biology 12 (7 decks)

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