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Human Anatomy & Physiology II > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the interstitial cells in the testes?

A

Produce testosterone

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2
Q

Where would sperm travel next after moving thru the ductus deferens?

A

Ejaculatory duct

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3
Q

What cells are the stem cells for spermatogenesis?

A

Spermatogonia

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4
Q

What is the function of the sperm cells acrosome?

A

The acrosome contains enzymes that help the sperm penetrate the protective coats of the oocyte

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5
Q

Which part of the female reproductive tract does fertilization typically occur?

A

Uterine (Fallopian) tube

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6
Q

What organ produces the female gametes?

A

Ovary

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7
Q

What event occurs ff the LH surge during female monthly cycle?

A

Ovulation

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8
Q

Which ovarian phase corresponds with the proliferative phase in the uterus?

A

Follicular phase

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9
Q

Which of these results from low estrogen levels that occur after menopause?

A

Hot flashes

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10
Q

What cells in the testis secrete testosterone?

A

Interstitial cells

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11
Q

What term refers to the lining of the uterus?

A

Endometrium

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12
Q

What organ delivers nutrients to the developing embryo and produce estrogen and progesterone?

A

Placenta

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13
Q

What hormone is essential for the development of the male duct system and external genitalia?

A

Testosterone

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14
Q

Both sexes have the same basic components:

A

▪️Gonads
▪️Accessory Glands and Organs
▪️Duct System
▪️External Genitalia

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15
Q

It’s a reproductive organ. Produces males gametes (sex cells) and hormones (spermatozoa or sperm)

A

Gonads

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16
Q

It secretes fluids into (ducts of reproductive system) ejaculatory ducts and urethra

A

Accessory glands and organs

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17
Q

Transport pathway of gametes

🔅 epididymis, ductus deferens, urethra

A

Duct System

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18
Q

Interstitial cells in the seminiferous tubules produce androgens such as:

A

Testosterone

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19
Q

Sperm travels through the ____ ______ to the epididymis

A

Rete testis

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20
Q

It’s consists of lobules containing seminiferous tubules (80 cm long)
- functions as sperm forming factories

A

Testes

21
Q

Path of Sperm:

A

Epididymis (site of sperm maturation) ➡️ ductus deferens ➡️ ejeculatory duct ➡️ urethra

22
Q

▪️Tightly coiled tube found on the superior part of the testis and along the posterior lateral side
▪️ functions to mature and store sperm cells (at least 20 days)

A

Epididymis

23
Q

Interstitial cells in the seminiferous tubules produce ____ such as testosterone

A

Androgens

24
Q

It passes through the inguinal canal and over the bladder

A

▪️Ductus Deferens

25
Q

_________ - ductus deferens, blood vessels, and nerves in connective tissue sheath
▫️site of vasectomy

A

Spermatic cord

26
Q

Normal pushing of sperm under control of ___________(1)

Ejaculation by _________(2)

A
  1. PNS

2. SNS

27
Q

Vasectomy can be reversible, the biggest issue is _____

A

Scarring

28
Q

cutting of the vas deferens at the level of the testes to prevent transportation of sperm.

A

Vasectomy

29
Q

Duct System summary:

A

Sperm ➡️ formed in seminiferous tubules ➡️ travels via rete testis to epididymis to ductus deferens

30
Q

Accessory Organs of male reproductive organs

A
  1. Seminal vesicles
  2. Prostate
  3. Bulbourethral glands
31
Q

It produces a thick, yellowish secretion (60% of semen)
▫️fructose
▫️vitamin C
▫️prostaglandins
▫️other substances that nourish and activate sperm

A

Seminal Vesicles

32
Q

carries both urine and sperm

A

Urethra

33
Q

▫️single gland about the size and shape of a chestnut - can be felt through the rectum.
▫️It secretes a milky fluid (fairly basic). Helps to activates sperm.
▫️Sensitive to testosterone, keeps growing.

A

Prostate

34
Q

▫️Size of a pea located inferior to the prostate gland
▫️these gland produces thick clear mucus that drains into the urethra.
▫️1st secretion that passes down into the urethra when the man is sexually stimulated (cleanses, lubricant sexual intercourse)

A

Bulbourethral Glands

35
Q

▫️White, milky, thick, sticky, alkaline (pH 7.7 to 8) mixture of sperm and accessory gland secretions.

A

Semen

36
Q

Semen volume

A

normal is 2 to 5ish

🔅if less: obstruction of duct, retrograde ejaculation, or lack of time passed to replenish fluid in the duct

37
Q

Urine is acidic ↪️mucus thru urethra, prevents burning of semen.

A

…

Semen motility is >50%

38
Q

maintains testes at 3°C lower than body temperature

A

Scrotum

39
Q

The primary oocyte is _____ and the first polar body is ______

A

diploid; haploid

40
Q

The milk producing glands within the mammary glands are called ______ Glands

A

Alveolar

41
Q

The primary spermatocytes ____ whereas spermatids are _____

A

diploid; haploid

42
Q

The cells forming the outer layer (I.e., closest to the basement membrane) of the seminiferous tubule are the ____

A

spermatogonia

43
Q

The luteal phase of the ovarian cycle corresponds with which phase of the uterine (menstrual) cycle?

A

secretory phase

44
Q

The spermatic cord contains the ______

A

spermatic artery, spermatic vein, spermatic nerve, and ductus deferens

45
Q

The tubular portion of the uterus that extends inferiorly into the superior region of the vagina is known as the _____.

A

cervix of the uterus

46
Q

during the embryonic development, ectoderm (one of the three primary germ layers) gives rise to which of the followings?

A

Nervous system

47
Q

What hormone produced by the blastocyst causes the glandular corpus luteum to continue producing its hormones to maintain the endometrium?

A

Human chorionic gonadotropin

48
Q

Chief cells of the gastric glands secrete ____

A

pepsinogin

Human Anatomy & Physiology II (11 decks)

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