Reproductive System Flashcards
Most frequent lesion of the breast
Fibrocystic Breast Condition / Disease
Fibrocystic Breast Condition / Disease Age Group
35-50 years
Round, palpable lumps that are movable, tender, multiple, bilateral
Larger/ more tender premenstrually
Fibrocystic Breast Condition / Disease
most common breast tumor of younger (15-30);
Fibroadenoma
most frequently occurring breast mast <25yo. A.A.
Fibroadenoma
Non-tender, round, moveable, rubbery unilateral, benign, can grow up to 6 inches
Fibroadenoma
Sticky, Nipple D/C,
Mammary Duct Ectasia
Mammary Duct Ectasia
- Begnin
- Peri/post menopause
- Duct/ sub-areola area (under nipple)
- Bilateral
- Sticky, Nipple D/C,
- Painless
Direct visualization of the cervix
Colposcopy
Cavity filled with carbon dioxide causes pain in the right shoulders due to phrenic nerve irritation; same-day surgery; pelvic structures tumors and implants
Laparoscopy
Cervix dilated and endometrium scraped
D&C
Removal of overgrown uterine lining in from females with DUB who do not respond to medical management and do not want a hysterectomy
Endometrial ablation
Endometrial ablation
Not for people who want to remain fertile
- Perform the second half of the menstrual cycle post ablation
- may produce cramping after the procedure/ some bleeding
- examine how progesterone is affecting the lining
Endometrial biopsy
May also be used on postmenopausal women to determine endometrial cancer
Endometrial biopsy
Endometrial biopsy
Piece of the endometrial lining removed for examination to see how progesterone is affecting the lining. performed the second half of the menstrual cycle post ovulation; may produce cramping and some bleeding
HSG
Hysterosalpinogram
X-ray with contrast looking for obstruction; may produce crib
HSG
Culdoscpy
Lighted scope through Vag to ovaries tubes and uterus all reproductive organs
LEEP
Loop electrosurgical excision procedure; DX and treat
LEEP
Abnormal Pap
Cauterize abnormal tissue
In office procedure
Anesthesia cervix
Punch biopsy
Sample of cervix removed with forceps for examination
ECC
Scraping of cells from cervical canal
Urethra located on the dorsal top side of the penis
Epispadis
Treatment for epipadias
surgery done early in life
Urethra located on Ventral (bottom) side of penis
Hypospadias
Uncircumcised; foreskin constricts and cannot retract due to edema, inflammation, poor hygiene, chronic irritation. eventually this leads to decreased blood supply & necrosis of the penis
Phimosis
Causes of phimosis
Edema, inflammation, poor hygiene, chronic irritation
Treatment of phimosis
Circumcision
Paraphimosis
Edema after foreskin is retracted
Causes paraphimosis
Urinary catheter for failing to recover the penis after intercourse
Treatment of paraphimosis
Warm compressions/ soaks and/ or surgery.
Teach patient with foreskin to replace foreskin after retraction
Inflammation of the foreskin
Posthitis
Balanitis
Inflammation of the glans penis
Cancer of the penis
Rare; risk increased of uncircumcised with poor hygiene
Treatment cancer of the penis
Excisional biopsy (remove entire tumor), penectomy (partial, full), radiation
Uncontrolled and maintained long erection that will not go down;
medical emergency, cannot voided all, urinary retention
Priapism
Most common intranet scrotal
Epididymitis
Painless collection of clear fluid along spermatic cord, interferes with lymphatic drainage producing swelling; men over 21; transilluminated
Hydrocele
Clinical manifestations of Testicular Torsion
Extreme excruciating pain radiating to groin, nausea and vomiting,
scrotum red, Warm, edematous
Negative Cremasterce Reflux
Cremasterce reflux
Stroke intra. Aspect of thigh –> scrotum retracts
Treatment of testicular torsion
Medical emergency
Provide pain meds, release swelling, uncoil. if it doesn’t relax on own, surgery is needed
Age group for just to skillet cancer
Average age 33-year-old male
Undescended testicles, familial link and DES
Painless enlargement of scrotal sac
no pain unless metastasis
not transilluminated
cough, dyspnea, and changes in LOC
Testicular cancer
Causes of erectile dysfunction
Most commonly psychological start parentheses depression/self-esteem and parentheses, organic (gradual deterioration - not as firm/correct), and functional
Primary dysfunction
Never had an erection
Secondary dysfunction
Lost ability to requires a specific situation; normally not a physical issue
Menorrhagoa
Excessive bleeding with increased duration, greater than 7days, and/ or amounts of bleeding >80 mL at time of Menses
Intramenstrual bleeding
Metorrhagia
Mittlescherz
Spotting at time of ovulation; “feeling it”
Menorrhagia
May indicate an endometrial cancer
DUB
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
Abnormal bleeding induration amount of regularity; tx with DNC
DUB
Transitional period from reproductive to non-reproductive
Climacteric
Physiological cessation of menses associated with failed every
Menopause
Diagnostic studies menopause
Low estradiol levels
high FSH and LH levels
Hormone replacement therapy
Estrogen days 1 to 25
Progesterone days 16 to 25
Thick white Curdy odors discharge
Candidiasis
Frothy, green, or Gray malodorous discharge, strawberries
Trichomonas
Trichomonas vaginitis
Protozoan, infection of the periurethral glands in males and females
Transmitted sexually, shared bathroom facility
Treatments for trichomonas
Flagyl, Treat sexual partner
grayish white discharge; fishy odor
no pruritus or burning
Gardenerella
Toxic shock syndrome
Toxins secreted by staph aureus into bloodstream; most common in females below the age of 30
Toxin introduced via injury to the capillary endothelium altering capillary permeability which allows fluid to leak out of the capillary and decreases blood return to the heart eventually leading to impaired tissue perfusion, tissue hypoxia, & CNS abnormalities
Toxic shock syndrome
Toxins damage organs and interfere with clotting cascade increasing bleeding
Toxic shock syndrome
Red macular Palmer or feet, or diffuse rash followed by desquamation of skin of hands and feet 1 to 2 weeks after onset of illness
Toxic shock syndrome
A sending pelvic infection that produces an inflammatory condition
PID
Complications of PID
Sterility, infertility act topic pregnancy peritonitis septic shock and emboli of pelvic veins and abscess
Patient teaching for PID
No antacids; take antibiotics: doxycycline
Avoid sexual activity, no douching, analgesics steroids, increase fluids, chief sexual partner
First degree uterine prolapse
Cervix breast and vaginal canal
Uterus is at vaginal opening
Second-degree uterine prolapse
Third degree uterine prolapse
Here is protruding through vaginal opening
Herniation of vaginal supports allowing the bladder to bludge into the upper vagina
Cystocele
Dragon pain vaginal pressure, sitting on a ball
Cystocele
Treatment of cystocele
Keagle’s, pessary, HRT, and material: anterior colporrhaphy
Rectocele
Rectum to buldge into lower third of vagina; Still softeners and posterior Colporrhaphy
