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N102 > CADSCANS > Flashcards

CADSCANS Flashcards

1
Q

Beta blockers mask the s/s of …….

A

hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes

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2
Q

End in -pril

A

ACE Inhibitors

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3
Q

End in OLOL

A

Beta-blockers

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4
Q

End in -DIPINE

A

Ca Channel Blockers

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5
Q

Action Of Ace Inhibitors

A

Block conversion of Angiotensin 1 to Angiotensin 2 ( a potent vasoconstriction) –> vasodilatation thus decreasing PVR (peripheral vascular resistance) –> decreased BP.

Adolsterone is also blocked–> decreased Na+ & H2O retention

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6
Q

Action of Beta-adrenergic blockers

A

Block B1 receptors in heart–> decreased HR, decreased force of contraction & decreased AV conduction

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7
Q

The action of calcium channel blockers (CCB)

A

Block calcium influx into the beta receptors, decrease force of contraction, HR, and PVR.

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8
Q

Antihypertensive’s

A 
Ace inhibitors (prils)
Beta blockers (OLOL)
Calcium channel blockers (Dipine)
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9
Q

Metroprolol (Lopressor)

Category

A

Beta blocker

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10
Q

Most Frequent Side Effects of BB

A

Fatigue and weakness

Other side effects include headache, Flushing, dizziness, bradycardia, postural hypertension

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11
Q

Most serious/life threatening complication

A

Bronchospasm, bronchoconstriction, congestive heart failure (CHF)

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12
Q

Propranolol

A

Nonselective beta blocker

Blocks both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors

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13
Q

Atenolol (Tenorim)

A

Cardio selective beta blocker (beta-1 blocker) but it boxed beta-2 at high doses

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14
Q

Coreg (carvedilol)

A

Third generation beta blocker blocks beta-1, beta-2, and alpha-1

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15
Q

Before giving beta blockers the nurse should…

A

Obtain BP and Apical heart rate-

hold if SBP </=60bpm

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16
Q

Instruct patient on beta blockers to…

A

Report any weakness, dizziness, or fainting.

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17
Q

Contraindications for beta blockers

A

Bradycardia (Bradydysrhythmias)

AV block

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18
Q

Aka very nice drugs

A

Calcium channel blockers (verapamil, nifedipine, diltiazem)

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19
Q

Contraindications of Nifedipine

A

Hypersensitivity

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20
Q

Contraindication of Verapamil

A

Severe left ventricle dysfunction, decreased blood pressure, cardiogenic shock, or heartblock

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21
Q

Digitalis (action)

A

Increases myocardial contraction, CO
Alters the electrical activity of noncontractile tissues and ventricle muscles.
Inhibits sodium – potassium ATPase.

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22
Q

Digitalis

classification

A

Cardiac glycoside

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23
Q

Digitalis (uses)

A

HF (to improve CO)

A fib & Flutter

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24
Q

Digitalis

contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity, ventricular tachycardia, real insufficiency, hyperkalemia, advanced heart disease, acute myocardial infraction, incomplete atrioventricular block, pregnancy

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25
Q

Side effects digitalis

A

Most common: Fatigue, anorexia, hyperkalemia, bradycardia, dysrhythmias

Other side effects: Dizziness, HA, malaise, muscle weakness, visual disturbances

26
Q

Nursing implications for Digitalis

A

Monitor: the Digoxin serum levels for toxicity; HR hold med & notify MD
DO NOT DOUBLE UP MISSED DOSES

27
Q

Digitalis (teach)

A

Do not double up on missed doses

Recognize and report early signs of hypokalemia and Digitalis Toxicity

28
Q

S/S: early hypokalemia

A

Muscle weakness

29
Q

S/S: Digitalis Toxicity

A

N/V/D, blurred or yellow visual disturbances

30
Q

End in “sartan”

A

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBS)

31
Q

HMG Co-A Reductase Inhibitors end in….

A

Statin

32
Q

Functions of Ace inhibitors

A 
Promotes vasodilation 
Tx HF
Hypoglycemic 
Decrease remodeling (post MI & HF)
Decrease insulin resistance & progression of type II
33
Q

Used for the prevention of diabetic nephropathy

A

ACE inhibitors

34
Q

Side effects of ACE inhibitors

A 
** Hypoglycemia**
Hypotension
***Cough***
Angioedema
Hyperkalemia
35
Q

TX of ACR inhibitor related hyperkalemia

A

Add a thiazide diuretic

36
Q

Capozide

A

Catopril + thiazide

37
Q

Vaseretuc

A

Enalapril + thiazide

38
Q

Prinizide

A

Lisinopril + thiazide

39
Q

Do not use ARB with …..

A

ACE inhibitors (prils)

40
Q

Beta blocker that is safe during pregnancy ….

A

Labetalol

41
Q

If you block B1 receptors on the heart…..

A

The HR, contractile state, CO, BP, & workload of the heart decrease

(Cardioselective)

42
Q

Atenolol, metoprolol, betaxolol, bishop roll, nebivolol are carditis elective at doses under…..

A

10mg

43
Q

Non–Cardioselective beta blockers cause …

A

Bronchial constriction and exasperated COPD and asthma; Vasoconstrictor fermoral artery and exasperate PAD

44
Q

Non-cardio selective beta blockers are not recommended for…

A

Patients with COPD asthma

45
Q

Enoxaparin

A

Lovenox

46
Q

Lovenox

Classification

A

Low molecular weight heparin

Anticoagulant

47
Q

Lovenox

Action

A

Potentiates action antithrombin 3, inactivates coagulation factor Xa–> anticoagulation factors;

DOES NOT significantly influence bleeding time, PT, aPTT.

48
Q

Lovenox DOES NOT significantly influence…..

A

bleeding time, PT, aPTT.

49
Q

Antidote for Lovenox & Heparin

A

Protamine Sulfate

50
Q

Lovenox Dose

A

30mg BID, 7-10d w/ initial dose w/in 12-24h following Sx

40mg once daily w/in 9-15h

51
Q

Digitalis (Dose)

A

PO 0.75-1.5 mg

IV 0.5-1 mg

52
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

Classification

A

Loop Diuretic

53
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

Action

A

Enhances excretion of Na, Cl, K by direct action on the ascending loop of Henle–> Diuresis & decreased BP

54
Q

Lasix Dose(PO)

A

20-80mg q6-8h

Max 600mg/day

55
Q

Lasix Dose (IV)

A

Max dose 160-200 mg

56
Q

1 grain

A

60-65 mg

57
Q

1 dram

A

4ml

58
Q

1 ml

A

15-16 minims

59
Q

Beta blockers decrease…

A

Decrease HR, myocardial contractility, CO, SV, BP, workload, remodeling, & palpations during panic attacks

60
Q

Beta blocker eyedrops can cause…

A

Bradycardia and anhedonia

61
Q

Lipid soluble beta blocker…

A

Propranolol
Timolol
Metoprolol
Pindolol

N102 (13 decks)

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