reproductive system

Question 1

what are the main structures if the female and make reproductive system

Answer 1

female - vagina, 2 ovaries, 2 fillopian tubes, 1 cervix

male - vesicles, penis, prostate, 2 testes scrotum

Question 2

what is the endometrium

Answer 2

this is the lining of the uterus

Question 3

what is the average length of a menstrual cycle

Answer 3

10 to 28 days

Question 4

describe the process if female puberty

Answer 4

reproductive organs mature
gonadotrophin is released from the anterior pituitary to stimulate ovaries FSH and LH

menstruation and ovulation

Question 5

what is the menstrual cycle

Answer 5

takes place every 25-30 days and occurs between ages 12-55 years

Question 6

what is the menstrual phase

Answer 6

this begins when the eggs/ovum are not fertilised the corpus luteum degenerates

progesterone and oestrogen levels fall and the endometrium sheds

FSH levels rise to initiate the follicular phase

Question 7

what is the follicular phase

Answer 7

FSH stimulation causes ovarian follicles to produce oestrogen

oestrogen then stimulates the proliferation of the endometrium and then oestrogen production declines

Question 8

describe the luteal phase

Answer 8

LH stimulates the ovarian foliclea to develop the corpus luteum which produces progesterone and oestrogen

the endometrium becomes oedematous

Question 9

how do hormonal contraceptives work

Answer 9

they contain progestin and oestrogens that inhibit ovulation by suppressing the gonadotropins FSH and LH

if ovulation occurs then sperm may bot be transported and if it does, the thickened cervical mucus will block it from the egg due to progestin

Question 10

what happens if patients LMP is over 28 days

Answer 10

refrain from taking an xray to protect accidental exposure to the foetus