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8 Biology > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

contains erectile tissue

A

penis

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2
Q

deposits sperm into vagina of female

A

penis

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3
Q

small pouch containing the testes

A

scrotum

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4
Q

maintains testes at 3⁰C lower than normal body temperature to protect sperm viability

A

scrotum

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5
Q

male gonads

A

testes

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6
Q

produces sperm and hormones

A

testes

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7
Q

small tubes inside the testes

A

seminiferous tubule

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8
Q

produce sperm cells

A

seminiferous tubule

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9
Q

triggered by Testosterone

A

seminiferous tubule

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10
Q

pathway of sperm

A

Testes -> Epididymis -> Vas deferens -> Ejaculatory duct -> Urethra

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11
Q

mixture of sperm and accessory gland secretions

A

semen

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12
Q

produces thick secretion and makes up 60% of semen

A

seminal vesicle

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13
Q

What is semen made of?

A

sugar and alkaline

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14
Q

secretes milky fluid to help activate sperm

A

prostate gland

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15
Q

a pea-sized gland that produces thick, clear mucus to cleanse urethra of acidic urine

A

bulbo-urethral gland

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16
Q

stimulates reproductive organ development

A

testosterone

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17
Q

underlies sex drive

A

testosterone

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18
Q

causes secondary sex characteristics in men

A

testosterone

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19
Q

What are the secondary sex characteristics present in men?

A

deepening of voice, increased hair growth, enlargement of skeletal muscles, thickening of bones

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20
Q

increases the production of FSH and LH

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

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21
Q

promotes production of sperm

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

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22
Q

stimulates production and secretion of testosterone

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

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23
Q

female gonads

A

ovaries

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24
Q

produce egg & estrogen

A

ovaries

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25
Q

sac-like structure that contain the ovum

A

ovarian follicle

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26
Q

releases estrogen

A

ovarian follicle

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27
Q

release of eggs

A

ovulation

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28
Q

remnant tissue that release progesterone

A

Corpus luteum

29
Q

oviduct/uterine tube

A

fallopian tube

30
Q

where the egg and sperm meet

A

fallopian tube

31
Q

attaching of egg to endometrium

A

site of implantation

32
Q

place for developing child

A

uterus (womb)

33
Q

lining of uterus

A

endometrium

34
Q

organ for copulation

A

vagina

35
Q

What is the duct system of the female reproductive system?

A

Ovary -> Fallopian tube -> Uterus -> Vagina

36
Q

produced by follicle cells

A

estrogen

37
Q

What hormone causes secondary sex characteristics in women?

A

estrogen

38
Q

What are the secondary sex characteristics caused in women?

A

enlargement of accessory organs, development of breasts, appearance of pubic hair, increase in fat beneath the skin, widening and lightening of the
pelvis, onset of menses

39
Q

pituitary gland releases FSH that ripens several follicles

A

follicular phase

40
Q

mature follicle releases estrogen

A

follicular phase

41
Q

high level of estrogen signals pituitary gland to release LH

A

follicular phase

42
Q

high LH triggers the release of mature egg cell from the ripe follicle

A

ovulation

43
Q

formation of corpus luteum which secretes progesterone

A

luteal phase

44
Q

What days do the follicular phase take place on?

A

Days 1-13

45
Q

What day/s does the ovulation phase take place on?

A

Day 14

46
Q

What days do the luteal phase take place on?

A

Days 15-28

47
Q

FSH and LH signals follicle maturation and ovulation

A

menstrual phase

48
Q

If the egg is not fertilized, endometrium breaks down and sheds off (Menstruation)

A

menstrual phase

49
Q

Low FSH & LH; High Estrogen

A

menstrual phase

50
Q

What days does the menstrual phase take place on?

A

Days 1-5

51
Q

FSH stimulates follicle maturation

A

proliferative phase

52
Q

follicle secretes estrogen

A

proliferative phase

53
Q

estrogen thickens endometrium

A

proliferative phase

54
Q

What days does the proliferative phase take place on?

A

Days 6-13

55
Q

endometrium thickened

A

secretory phase

56
Q

LH releases the egg; follicle becomes corpus luteum which secretes estrogen & progesterone

A

secretory phase

57
Q

low FSH & LH

A

secretory phase

58
Q

if egg is fertilized, uterus will be maintained by Estrogen, Progesterone and human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG)

A

secretory phase

59
Q

happens when a woman’s ovaries or adrenal glands produce more male hormones than normal

A

polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

60
Q

may cause to skip menstrual periods and makes pregnancy difficult

A

polycystic ovary syndrome

61
Q

symptoms: irregular periods, heavy bleeding, hair growth, acne, weight gain, male-pattern baldness and darkening of the skin in body crease

A

polycystic ovary syndrome

62
Q

progressive disorder that is associated with chronic pain in the pelvis

A

endometriosis

63
Q

when the kind of tissue that lines the uterus grows somewhere else like on the ovaries, behind the uterus, on the bowels, or on the bladder

A

endometriosis

64
Q

can cause pain, infertility, and very heavy periods; the pain is usually in the abdomen, lower back, or pelvic areas

A

endometriosis

65
Q

cancer that occurs in the prostate gland

A

prostate cancer

66
Q

Symptoms of prostate cancer?

A

Trouble urinating, decreased force in the stream of urine, blood in the urine, blood in the semen, bone pain, losing weight without trying, erectile dysfunction

67
Q

sexual dysfunction characterized by the regular and repeated inability to obtain or maintain an erection

A

erectile dysfunction

68
Q

anything that hampers normal blood flow to the penis may, therefore, interfere with its potential to fill with blood and become erect

A

erectile dysfunction

69
Q

causes can be physiological (i.e. aging, tobacco, diseases) and psychological (i.e. stress, anxiety or mental disorders)

A

erectile dynsfunction

8 Biology (8 decks)

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