Population ecology

Question 1

group of organisms of the same species who live in a specific location and breed with one another more often than they breed with other members of population

Answer 1

population

Question 2

When studying a population, ecologists collect information about its…?

Answer 2

gene pool, reproductive traits, and behavior of its component individuals

Question 3

vital statistical data that describe the population

Answer 3

demographics

Question 4

number of individuals in a population

Answer 4

population size

Question 5

number of members of a population in a given area

Answer 5

population density

Question 6

Formula for population density?

Answer 6

(Population / area)

Question 7

describes where individuals are and
where are the others

Answer 7

population distribution

Question 8

usually symbolized as N

Answer 8

population size

Question 9

large populations may be more stable than smaller populations because of greater genetic diversity

Answer 9

population size

Question 10

Applied for immobile organisms such as plants or very small and slow-moving organisms

Answer 10

quadrat method

Question 11

plots called ____ are used to determine the population size and even density

Answer 11

quadrats

Question 12

each quadrat marks off an area of the same size – typically, a ______ – within the habitat

Answer 12

square area

Question 13

can be made by staking out an area with sticks and string or by using a wood, plastic, or metal square placed on the ground

Answer 13

quadrat

Question 14

calculate population, use the quadrat equation

Answer 14

N = (A/a) x n
N is estimated population
A is the total study area,
a is the area of the quadrat,
n is the population density.

Question 15

technique is for organisms that move around

Answer 15

mark-recapture method

Question 16

Involves capturing a sample of animals and marking them in some way – for instance, using tags, bands, paint, or other body markings

Answer 16

mark-recapture method

Question 17

What happens after animals are marked?

Answer 17

They are released back into the wild, and allowed to mix with the rest of the population

Question 18

What is the formula for total pop. with the mark-recapture method?

Answer 18

of marked animal / % of marked
animal in the sample

Question 19

member of low-density population have more trouble finding a mate than an individual in a high-density population

Answer 19

population density

Question 20

Most common population distribution

Answer 20

clumped dispersion

Question 21

Members are closer to each other because of an essential resource

Answer 21

clumped distribution

Question 22

Individuals are evenly spaced out

Answer 22

uniform dispersion

Question 23

result of competition in resources

Answer 23

uniform dispersion

Question 24

Rare, only occurs if the resources is uniformly available and the proximity of resource to others does not matter

Answer 24

random dispersion

Question 25

explains how fast a given population grows

Answer 25

population growth rate (PGR)

Question 26

the number of individuals born (Birthrate)

Answer 26

natality

Question 27

the number of deaths that occur in the population during a given time period

Answer 27

mortality

Question 28

number of individuals moving away from a population

Answer 28

emigration

Question 29

number of individuals moving into a population

Answer 29

immigration

Question 30

population grows when…?

Answer 30

birth rate exceeds its death rate

Question 31

obtained when per capita death rate is subtracted from per capita birth rate

Answer 31

per capita growth rate

Question 32

describes how a population’s size changes over time if its per capita growth rate is constant and its resources are unlimited

Answer 32

exponential growth model

Question 33

population growth rate increases as the population gets larger

Answer 33

exponential growth model

Question 34

population would grow if there were no limits placed on it by the environment

Answer 34

exponential growth model

Question 35

J-shaped growth curve is made

Answer 35

exponential growth model

Question 36

resources are always limited

Answer 36

logistic growth model

Question 37

Exponential growth happens for a while, when number of individuals gets large enough, resources get used up, slowing growth rate

Answer 37

logistic growth model

Question 38

the growth rate will plateau, or level off, making an S-shaped curve

Answer 38

logistic growth model

Question 39

population size at which it levels off, which represents the maximum population size a particular environment can support, is called the…?

Answer 39

carrying capacity (K)

Question 40

maximum number of individuals that a particular environment can sustain indefinitely

Answer 40

carrying capacity

Question 41

carrying capacity is not constant

Answer 41

logistic growth model

Question 42

may depend on physical and biological factors that may change over time

Answer 42

logistic growth model

Question 43

Change in population density that alters how an environmental factor affects that population

Answer 43

density-dependent limiting factors

Question 44

Biotic or have to do with living organisms

Answer 44

density-dependent limiting factors

Question 45

increase of population encourage rise in competition in food, hiding places, nesting sites, and other essential resources

Answer 45

density-dependent limiting factors

Question 46

competition, predation, diseases and parasitism

Answer 46

density-dependent limiting factors

Question 47

Any environmental factor that affects the size of a population but is not influenced by changes in population density

Answer 47

density-independent limiting factors

Question 48

Generally abiotic

Answer 48

density-independent limiting factors

Question 49

random weather events such as killing frost, severe blizzard, hurricane, extended drought and other natural disaster or calamities

Answer 49

density-independent limiting factors