Reproductive system

Question 1

Organs of the male reproductive system

Answer 1

testes; a system of ducts (epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory ducts, and urethra); accessory sex glands (seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands); and several supporting structures, including the scrotum and the penis. The testes produce sperm and secrete hormones.

Question 2

Scrotum

Answer 2

The scrotum is a pouch that supports the testes. The male gonads include the testes, oval-shaped organs in the scrotum that contain the seminiferous tubules, in which sperm cells develop; Sustentacular or Sertoli cells, which nourish sperm cells and release the hormone inhibin; and Leydig cells or interstitial cells which produce the sex hormone testosterone.

Question 3

Spermatogenesis occurs in the testes and consists of what?

Answer 3

meiosis I, meiosis II, and spermiogenesis

Question 4

Testosterone

Answer 4

controls the growth, development, and maintenance of sex organs; stimulates bone growth, protein anabolism, and sperm maturation; and stimulates development of male secondary sex characteristics.

Question 5

Inhibin is produced by what cells?

Answer 5

Inhibin is produced by Sertoli cells; its inhibition of FSH helps regulate the rate of spermatogenesis.

Question 6

How is sperm transported?

Answer 6

Transported out of the testes into an adjacent organ, the epididymis, where their motility increases. The ductus (vas) deferens stores sperm and propels them toward the urethra during ejaculation.

Question 7

Ejaculatory ducts

Answer 7

are formed by the union of the ducts from the seminal vesicles and vas deferens, and they eject sperm into the urethra. The male urethra passes through the prostate, deep perineal muscles, and penis.

Question 8

5 parts of a sperm cell

Answer 8

• Acrosome
• Nucleus
• Mitochondria
• Head
• Flagellum

Question 9

seminal vesicles

Answer 9

secrete an alkaline, viscous fluid that constitutes about 60% of the volume of semen and contributes to sperm viability.

Question 10

prostate

Answer 10

secretes a slightly acidic fluid that constitutes about 25% of the volume of semen and contributes to sperm motility.

Question 11

bulbourethral glands

Answer 11

secrete mucus for lubrication and an alkaline substance that neutralizes acid.

Question 12

Semen

Answer 12

a mixture of sperm and seminal fluid; it provides the fluid in which sperm are transported, supplies nutrients, and neutralizes the acidity of the male urethra and the vagina.

Question 13

3 parts penis consists of

Answer 13

• Root
• Body
  *Glands

Question 14

Function of male reproductive system

Answer 14

• The testes produce sperm and the male sex hormone testosterone.
• The ducts transport, store, and assist in the maturation sperm.
• The accessory sex glands secrete most of the liquid portion of semen.
• The penis contains the urethra, a passageway for ejaculation of semen and excretion of urine.

Question 15

Organs of female reproductive system

Answer 15

The ovaries, uterine (fallopian) tubes, uterus, vagina, and vulva.

Question 16

Oogenesis (production of haploid secondary oocytes)

Answer 16

begins in the ovaries. The oogenesis sequence includes meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis II is completed only after an ovulated secondary oocyte is fertilized by a sperm cell.

Question 17

uterine (fallopian) tube

Answer 17

which transports a secondary oocyte from an ovary to the uterus, is the normal site of fertilization.

Question 18

uterus (womb)

Answer 18

serves as part of the pathway for sperm deposited in the vagina to reach the uterine tubes. It functions in menstruation, implantation of a fertilized ovum, development of a fetus during pregnancy, and labor.

Question 19

vagina

Answer 19

a passageway for the menstrual flow, the receptacle for the penis during sexual intercourse, and the lower portion of the birth canal.

Question 20

vulva

Answer 20

a collective term for the external genitals of the female, consists of the: mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vestibule, vaginal and urethral orifices, paraurethral glands, and greater vestibular glands.