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Anatomy and Physiology > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Male Reproductive System is composed of

A

Testes
Genital ducts
Accessory glands
Penis

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2
Q

Primary Functions:

A

Production of Sperm

Synthesis of Androgens

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3
Q

Scrotum

A

covering the testes

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4
Q

Testes

A

the balls

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5
Q

Paired ovoid organs; lie within

the scrotum

A

testes

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6
Q

testes is Covered by a thick, dense
connective tissue capsule
called as

A

Tunica albuginea

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7
Q

inner part of testes,

loose connective tissue

A

Tunica vasculosa

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8
Q

parts of testes

A

Tunica albuginea
Tunica vasculosa
Seminifarous Tubules

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9
Q

Where sperm is produced

A

Seminifarous Tubules

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10
Q

Each lobule of testis consists of how many

seminiferous tubules

A

1 to 4

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11
Q

and each lobule of testis consists of a connective tissue stroma – Interstitial tissue containing

A

Leydig cells

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12
Q

triangular cell. provide nourishment for the sperm to mature.

A

Sertoli cells

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13
Q

large, polygonal, eosinophilic cells

producing androgens

A

Interstitial tissue with Leydig

cells or Interstitial cells

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14
Q

Spermatogenic

cells

A 
Spermatogonia
Primary spermatocyte
Secondary spermatocyte
Spermatid
Sperm cell
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15
Q

columnar cells

A

Sertoli cells

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16
Q

The testis is covered by the _____ , a serous sac that is derived from the parietal peritoneum.

A

tunica vaginalis

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17
Q

It has a visceral layer and

a parietal layer.

A

tunica vaginalis

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18
Q

which is the fibrous

capsule of the testis.

A

tunica

albuginea

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19
Q

can cause swelling of testis. can cause constriction of the testis. can cause pagkabaog

A

mumps/paratitis

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20
Q

death of the cell

A

atrophy

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21
Q

coiled to form a lobule

A

seminifarous tubules

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22
Q
  • Inguinal hernia
  • Hydrocoele
  • Haematocoele
  • Varicocoele
  • Epididymitis
A

Enlargement of the Scrotum

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23
Q

where the contents of the abdominal cavity protrude into the scrotum, via
the inguinal canal.

A

Inguinal hernia

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24
Q

a collection of serous fluid within the tunica vaginalis. The congenital form is most commonly due to a failure of the processus vaginalis
to close. Adult hydrocele is often associated with inflammation or trauma and
rarely, testicular tumors.

A

Hydrocoele

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25
Q 
gross dilation of the
veins draining the testes. The left
testicle is more commonly affected, as
the left testicular vein is longer and
drains into the left renal vein at a
perpendicular angle.A large
varicocoele can look and feel like a
“bag of worms” within the scrotum
Varicocoele is quite common in the
general population; its prevalence is
estimated at 15-25%.
A

Varicocele

26
Q

inflammation of the
epididymis, usually caused by bacterial
or viral infection

A

Epididymitis

27
Q 
is a surgical
emergency, where the spermatic
cord twists upon itself. This can lead
to strangulation of the testicular
artery, resulting in necrosis of the
testis.
A

Testicular torsion

28
Q
  1. Provide mechanical support and protection to the developing germ cells.
  2. Provide nutrition for the developing germ cells.
  3. Play an active role in the release of spermatozoa.
  4. Phagocytosis of cellular fragments.
  5. Formation of blood-testis permeability barrier.
A

Functions of the Sertoli Cells

29
Q

release spermatozoa

A

sertoli cell

30
Q

refers to the
entire sequence of events
wherein spermatogonia are
transformed into spermatozoa.

A

Spermatogenesis

31
Q

Process by which spermatogonia

develop into sperm

A

(74 days)

32
Q

Factors affecting Spermatogenesis:

A 
◼Dietary deficiencies
◼Infections
◼Elevated testicular temperature
◼Steroid hormones
◼Toxic agents
◼Radiation
33
Q

Hormonal regulation of Male Reproductive System

A

Anterior Pituitary Gland or Adenohypophysis
FSH
LH

34
Q

stimulates

spermatogenesis

A

FSH

35
Q

stimulates Leydig cells to

secrete testosterone

A

LH

36
Q

it is alkali which neutralizes the acidic environment of vagina

A

semen

37
Q

Average ejaculate has a volume of about ____ and normally contains up to _______ / ml

A

3 ml

100 million sperm

38
Q

Female reproductive system is covered with

A

peritonium

39
Q

10-12 cm long

A

Fallopian tube

40
Q

Functions of fallopian tube

A 
• carry oocytes from
ovaries
• carry sperms from uterus
to ampulla
• conveys dividing zygote
to uterus
41
Q

Pregnancy outside the uterus

A

ectopic pregnancy

42
Q

an infection of a woman’s reproductive organs. From vagina going up

A

PID or pelvic inflammatory disease

43
Q
  • abdominal ostium

* 20 to 30 fimbriae

A

Infundibulum

44
Q

• widest & longest

A

Ampulla

45
Q

• narrowest part

A

Isthmus

46
Q
  • interstitial
A

Intramural

47
Q

Located between

bladder and rectum

A

Uterus

48
Q

Functions of uterus:

A

reception, retention, nutrition

49
Q
  • pear-shaped
  • 3 x 2 x 1”
  • triangular cavity
  • thick muscular wall
A

uterus

50
Q

a woman (or female animal) that has never given birth.

A

Nullipara

51
Q

Uterine Support

A
  • Pelvic Diaphragm
  • Urogenital diaphragm
  • Cardinal ligament
  • Uterosacral ligament
  • Pubocervical ligament
52
Q
  • levator ani muscles

- coccygeus

A

• Pelvic Diaphragm

53
Q

Conditions:

A
  • Prolapse / Procidentia
  • Leiomyoma
  • Malignancy
  • Embryological
54
Q

Benign tumor in uterus. unknown cause

A

Leiomyoma

55
Q

uterine cancer or cervical cancer

A
  • Malignancy
56
Q

common in multiparas

A

uterine cancer

57
Q

common in prostitutes

A

cervical cancer

58
Q

born with the problem. EXAMPLE: vaginal septum

A

Embryological

59
Q

Blood Supply of Female

Reproductive Tract

A 
• Vagina
-vaginal artery
-internal pudendal a.
• Uterus
-uterine artery
-ovarian artery
• Ovary
-ovarian artery
• Uterine tubes
- uterine & ovarian a.
60
Q

Venous drainage

A
  • internal iliac veins

* ovarian vein

61
Q

counterpart of labia majora

A

scrotum

Anatomy and Physiology (9 decks)

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