Nervous System Flashcards
Divisions of the Nervous System
central and peripheral nervous system
CENTRAL NS
Brain
Spinal Cord
PERIPHERAL
Nerves –
Cranial
Spinal
• Fast-acting control system • Responds to internal and external change • Activates muscles and glands
Nervous System
Regions of the Brain
• Cerebral hemispheres • Diencephalon • Brain stem • Cerebellum
• Largest part
• Consists of two cerebral hemispheres connected by a mass of white
matter – Corpus callosum
• Extends from the Frontal to Occipital bones; above the anterior and
middle cranial fossae ; and posteriorly above the tentorium cerebelli
CEREBRUM
CEREBRUM Consists of two cerebral hemispheres connected by a mass of white
matter
Corpus callosum
• Paired (left and right) superior parts of the brain • Include more than half of the brain mass
Cerebral Hemispheres (Cerebrum)
The surface of cerebral hemisphere
is made of
ridges __
and grooves
(gyri)
sulci
a fold or
convolution
Gyrus ( gyri )
groove between
adjacent gyri
Sulcus ( sulci )
separates the frontal and parietal lobe
Central sulcus of Rolando
forms the boundary between the temporal lobe and the frontal and parietal lobes.
Lateral fissure of Sylvius
- motor area; seat of mental
activities
frontal lobe
- somesthetic area
Parietal lobe
- visual center
Occipital lobe
- hearing center
Temporal lobe
- Almost completely hidden from the surface of the brain
* Consists of a dorsal Thalamus and a ventral Hypothalamus
Diencephalon
large mass of gray matter that lies on either side of the
Third ventricle
Relay station of the afferent sensory pathway to the cerebral cortex
Thalamus
forms the lower part of the lateral wall and floor of
the Third ventricle
Hypothalamus
Contains functional centers for the integration of all information
passing from the brainstem and spinal cord to the cerebral
hemispheres
Diencephalon
Diencephalon is Subdivided into 4 parts:
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Subthalamus
Epithalamus
passageway of cerebrospinal fluid
Third Ventricle
cavity of diencephalon, bordered bilaterally by the thalamus and hypothalamus
Third Ventricle
Hypothalamus Subserves 3 systems
Autonomic NS
Limbic
Endocrine
Stalk like part of the brain ;
located in the posterior cranial
fossa
Brainstem
Brainstem is consists of:
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
Shortest part of the brainstem. where cranial 3 and 4 are located
Midbrain
breathing center
medulla oblongata
Situated on the anterior surface of the cerebellum below the
midbrain and above the medulla oblongata
pons
right brain control left part of the body vice versa
decussation of the pyramid
small brain
cerebellum
for coordinated movements. self awareness.
cerebellum
horse tail
caudia equina
