Reproductive 2 - Female Reproductive System Flashcards
What are the two triangles of the female perineum? What do each of these contain?
Anterior urogenital triangle - contains external genitalia (vulva)
Anal triangle - contains anal canal, fat and vagina
What are the gross structures of the female reproductive system? (these are the structures found in the vulva aka the external genitalia)
vagina, labia (majora and minora), clitoris, and mons pubis
This is the space between the labia minora and majora.
Vestibule
This is the complex erectile organ of the female reproductive system.
Clitoris
What are the structures in the uterine tract of the female reproductive system?
ovary, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina
What’s the difference between labia minora and majora?
Labia minora => smaller, more medial
Labia majora => larger, more lateral
This functions to eliminate menstrual fluids, enable sexual intercourse and forms part of the birth canal. It lies between the urinary bladder and the rectum.
Vagina
What artery supplies the vagina? Where does this artery branch from?
Vaginal artery; branches off of internal iliac artery
This serves as the passage between uterus and vagina. It produces mucus and regulates sperm transport.
Cervix
This serves as the pathway for sperm transport. It enables development by providing nutritional support, protection and waste removal of embryo/foetus.
Uterus
What arteries supply the uterus? Where do these arteries branch from?
Uterine arteries; branch from internal iliac artery
Spinal arteries which branch from uterine arteries
What are the 3 layers of the uterus?
Endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium
This is the layer of the uterus that contains the uterine glands and arteries. It grows and is also shed during each menstrual cycle.
What epithelia is it made of?
Endometrium; made of columnar epithelium
This is a tube responsible for sweeping over the ovary to transport fertilised egg to the uterus.
What does it use to sweep the egg to the uterus?
Fallopian/uterine tubes; fimbriae
What are the 3 parts of the fallopian tube? What is the significance of each of these parts?
Infundibulum; contains fimbriae (which transports the fertilised egg to the uterus)
Ampulla; site of fertilisation
Isthmus; narrow passageway
What kind of contractions move the sperm down the uterine tube?
peristaltic contractions
This is the site of oogenesis and hormone production.
Ovary
What are the 2 regions of the ovary? What do these regions contain?
Outer cortex => contains the follicles
Inner medulla => contains connective tissue, blood, lymph, nerves
What are the 4 main ligaments of the female reproductive system?
- broad ligaments
- suspensory ligaments
- ovarian ligaments
- round ligaments
This ligament extends from the lateral pelvic walls and folds over the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes anteriorly and posteriorly.
Broad ligament
- mesometrium; over the uterus
- mesovarian; over the ovaries
-mesosalpinx; under/over the uterine tubes
This ligament connects the ovary to the side of the uterus.
Ovarian ligament
This connects the ovary to the lateral abdominal wall.
Suspensory ligament
This ligament forms between horns of uterus to the labia majora.
Round ligament
What are the ligaments that help to support and anchor the ovaries?
Broad ligaments; anchor ovary posteriorly and anteriorly by folding over ovaries
Ovarian ligament; what connects ovary to the uterus wall
Suspensory ligament; what connects ovary to the lateral abdominal wall.
This is in between the rectum and the bladder.
Uterus
What are the 2 pouches created by the broad ligament? What are their locations with respect to the uterus?
Vesicouterine pouch - anterior to the uterus
Rectouterine pouch - posterior to the uterus
What is the passage of milk?
lobules»_space; alveoli»_space; lactiferous ducts»_space; open at nipple pores
This hormone stimulates the secretion of LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary.
GnRH (from hypothalamus)
This hormone stimulates follicular growth during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle.
FSH
This hormone stimulates the secretion of estradiol and suppresses GnRH.
LH
This hormone suppresses the secretion of FSH. It is produced by the granulosa cells of the oocytes .
Inhibin
This hormone maintains the endometrium; promotes endometrial maturation during the lutea l/secretory phases.
It also sends negative feedback over to the hypothalamus to suppress secretion of FSH and LH.
Progesterone
This hormone promotes endometrial growth.
Estradiol
What kind of ligaments support the mammary glands in the breast?
Suspensory ligaments
