Reproductive

Question 1

action of raloxifene and what is it primarily used to treat

Answer 1

selective oestrogen receptor antagonist at breast + uterus and agonist at bone
parimarily used for osteoporosis

Question 2

action of tamoxifen

Answer 2

selective oestrogen receptor antagonist at breast and agonist at uterus and bone

Question 3

side effects of tamoxifen

Answer 3

hot flushes
thromboembolic events
endometrial cancer

Question 4

action of clomiphene and what is it used to treat

Answer 4

oestrogen receptor antagonist at hypothalamus which prevents normal feedback inhibition = increased LH and FSH release from pituitary
used to treat an ovulation i.e infertility in PCOS

Question 5

treatment for ER positive breast cancer in pre and post menopausal women

Answer 5

pre-menopausal = tamoxifen (oestrogen receptor antagonist)

post-menopausal = anastrozole (aromatase inhibitor)

Question 6

mode of action of penicillin

Answer 6

interferes with transpeptidase and blocks cross linking of the cell wall

Question 7

gives rise to reactive intermediates leading to reduced bacterial protein synthesis

Answer 7

nitrofurantoin

Question 8

mode of action of metronidazole

Answer 8

forms free radicals that damage DNA

Question 9

mechanism of IUD

Answer 9

prevents sperm viability and survival
affects sperm acrosomal reaction and migration ability
induces endometrial inflammation

Question 10

mechanism of progesterone contraceptives

Answer 10

decreases growth and increases vascularization of
endometrium
thickens cervical mucous

Question 11

how does COCP inhibit ovulation

Answer 11

reduces oestrogen levels during follicular phase required for the midcycle LH surge