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Pharmacology > Haem/Onc > Flashcards

Haem/Onc Flashcards

1
Q

heparin and warfain - intrinsic or extrinsic pathways affected?

A

heparin - intrinsic (+APTT)
warfarin extrinsic (+PT)

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2
Q

action of heparin

A

activates antithrombin which decreases factors IIa (thrombin) and Xa

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3
Q

action of warfarin

A

inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase which results in inhibition of vitamin K dependant gamma-carboxylation of clotting factors II, VII, IX and X and potein C+S

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4
Q

side effects of heparin

A

bleeding
heparin induced thrombocytopenia
osteoporosis (long term use)

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5
Q

side effects of warfarin

A

bleeding
teratogenic
skin necrosis
initial hypercoaguable state

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6
Q

what factor does LMWH act on?

A

factor Xa

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7
Q

reversal of heparin

A

protamine sulphate
(charged peptide that binds negatively charged heparin)

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8
Q

reversal of warfarin

A

vitamin K
FFP or PCC for rapid reversal

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9
Q

dabigatran action and reversal

A

dabigatran inhibits factor IIa
reverse with idarucizumab

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10
Q

apixaban action and reversal

A

inhibits factor xa
reverse with andexanet alpha

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11
Q

action of clopidogrel

A

blocks ADP (P2Y12) receptor which decreases ADP induced expresion of GpIIb/IIIa

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12
Q

Ca therpies that target DNA synthesis

A

Because All Annoying People Date Every Indian
bleomycin
anthracyclines
alkylating agents
platinum compounds
dactinomycin
etoposide
irinotectan

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13
Q

Ca therapies that target cellular division (M phase)

A

Cells Target Vogue
taxanes
vinca alkaloids

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14
Q

Ca therapies that target Nucleotide synthesis

A

My 5 Hydro Therapies
MTX
5-Fu
hydroxurea
thiopurines

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15
Q

ca drugs that can cause ototoxicity

A

cisplatin
carboplatin

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16
Q

ca drugs that can cause peripheral neuropathy

A

vincristine

17
Q

ca drugs that can cause pulmonary fibrosis

A

bleomycin
busulfan

18
Q

ca drugs that can cause cardiotoxicity

A

doxorubicin
Daunorubicin

19
Q

ca drugs that can cause haemorrhagic cystitis

A

cyclophosphamide

20
Q

ca drugs that can cause nephrotoxicity

A

cisplatin
carboplatin

21
Q

cross linking in DNA

A

cisplatin

22
Q

definitive diagnostic modality for sickle cell

A

haemoglobin electrophoresis

23
Q

increased BCL transcription

A

follicular lymphoma

24
Q

how does prostate cancer spread to bone

A

via batson’s venous plexus

25
Q

what is found on blood film in DIC

A

schistocytes

26
Q

Ca therapies that work during metaphase

A

Many cells target vogue
taxanes (doxetacel)
vinkaloids (vincristine, vinblastine)

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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