Reproductive

Question 1

When do we become male or female

Answer 1

Week 5-6 embryo sexually indifferent

7-8 male develops
8-9 female develops

Question 2

List the male structures

Answer 2

Gonads
Gametes
Ducts
External genitalia
Tested
Epidymis
Ductus deferents
Seminal vesicles
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral glands
Ureter

Question 3

Explain the tested

Answer 3

Oval shaped glands in scrotum

Produce sperm and testosterone

Scrotum keeps cooler

Question 4

Explain the epidiymis

Answer 4

Coiled tube on posterior surface of testes for sperm

Maturation and storage

Question 5

Explain the ductus deferens

Answer 5

Muscular tubes extending from epidiymis to abdomen, mature sperm out

Question 6

Explain the seminal vesicles

Answer 6

Glandular structures behind bladder

Secrete fluid high in fructose, food for energy for the sperm

Forms part of semen

Question 7

Explain the prostate gland

Answer 7

Below bladder

Release milky fluid which protects sperm to enhance activity

Part of semen

Question 8

Explain bulbourethral glands

Answer 8

Below prostate

Release clear viscose fluid

Lubricates and neutralises acid for optimal environment for ejaculation

Question 9

What does the ureter do

Answer 9

Transport

Question 10

Explain spermatogenesis

Answer 10

1. Mitosis of spermatogonium, deployed stem cells
2. Primary spermatocyte, dna replication
3. 2 x meiosis stages
4. Spermiogenesis - physical head tail maturation
5. Fully matured spermatozoa

Question 11

What are the male regulating hormones

Answer 11

Testosterone

FSH

LH

Question 12

What does testosterone do

Answer 12

Responsible for spermatogenesis

Maturation of sperm

Development of pubity characteristics

Question 13

Explain FSH

Answer 13

Secreted as response from hypothalamus

Act on cells within testes

Nourishment

Question 14

What does LH do

Answer 14

Stimulate Testosterone into blood stream for whole body

Question 15

List the female reproductive features

Answer 15

Ovaries
Galician tubes
Womb
Vagina
Vulva

Question 16

Explain the ovaries

Answer 16

Paired organs
Either side of the uterus within pelvic cavity
4.5x-.5cm
Secrete oestrogen and progesterone
Retro peritoneal
Held in place by ligaments

Question 17

Explain the fallopian tubes

Answer 17

Extend from ovaries to uterus
Eggs travel
Where fertilisation occurs
Inner lining called endomendrum- thickens then sheds

Question 18

Explain the vagina

Answer 18

Muscular tube connecting cervix go external generalised
Birth canal
Passage for menstrual blood

Question 19

What are the 3 stages of the menstrual cycle

Answer 19

1. Menstrual
2. Proliferative
3. Literal

Question 20

Explain the menstrual phase

Answer 20

In response to decline in oestrogen and progesterone

Question 21

Explain the proliferative phase

Answer 21

= follicular phase, first 13 days to ovulation

Ovarian follicles grow and secrete oestrogen

Thickening

One develops increasing lh release

Ovulation on day 14

Question 22

Explain the literal phase

Answer 22

Secretory phase

Ruptured ovarian follicular that collapses

Secrete progesterone

Thicken

Embryo will implant

Corpus luteum