Reproductive Flashcards
When do we become male or female
Week 5-6 embryo sexually indifferent
7-8 male develops
8-9 female develops
List the male structures
Gonads
Gametes
Ducts
External genitalia
Tested
Epidymis
Ductus deferents
Seminal vesicles
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral glands
Ureter
Explain the tested
Oval shaped glands in scrotum
Produce sperm and testosterone
Scrotum keeps cooler
Explain the epidiymis
Coiled tube on posterior surface of testes for sperm
Maturation and storage
Explain the ductus deferens
Muscular tubes extending from epidiymis to abdomen, mature sperm out
Explain the seminal vesicles
Glandular structures behind bladder
Secrete fluid high in fructose, food for energy for the sperm
Forms part of semen
Explain the prostate gland
Below bladder
Release milky fluid which protects sperm to enhance activity
Part of semen
Explain bulbourethral glands
Below prostate
Release clear viscose fluid
Lubricates and neutralises acid for optimal environment for ejaculation
What does the ureter do
Transport
Explain spermatogenesis
- Mitosis of spermatogonium, deployed stem cells
- Primary spermatocyte, dna replication
- 2 x meiosis stages
- Spermiogenesis - physical head tail maturation
- Fully matured spermatozoa
What are the male regulating hormones
Testosterone
FSH
LH
What does testosterone do
Responsible for spermatogenesis
Maturation of sperm
Development of pubity characteristics
Explain FSH
Secreted as response from hypothalamus
Act on cells within testes
Nourishment
What does LH do
Stimulate Testosterone into blood stream for whole body
List the female reproductive features
Ovaries
Galician tubes
Womb
Vagina
Vulva
Explain the ovaries
Paired organs
Either side of the uterus within pelvic cavity
4.5x-.5cm
Secrete oestrogen and progesterone
Retro peritoneal
Held in place by ligaments
Explain the fallopian tubes
Extend from ovaries to uterus
Eggs travel
Where fertilisation occurs
Inner lining called endomendrum- thickens then sheds
Explain the vagina
Muscular tube connecting cervix go external generalised
Birth canal
Passage for menstrual blood
What are the 3 stages of the menstrual cycle
- Menstrual
- Proliferative
- Literal
Explain the menstrual phase
In response to decline in oestrogen and progesterone
Explain the proliferative phase
= follicular phase, first 13 days to ovulation
Ovarian follicles grow and secrete oestrogen
Thickening
One develops increasing lh release
Ovulation on day 14
Explain the literal phase
Secretory phase
Ruptured ovarian follicular that collapses
Secrete progesterone
Thicken
Embryo will implant
Corpus luteum