Reproduction in Plants (Chapter 13) Flashcards
What are different methods of asexual reproduction in plants?
- Runners
- Bulbs
- Tubers
What is cuttings?
Cuttings is where a piece of a plant’s stem, with a few leaves, is cut from a healthy plant and is planted in damp soil and developed into new plant.
What are examples of methods of asexual reproduction in plants?
Runners - Strawberry
Bulbs - Potato
Tubers - Onion
Where are male and female gametes in plants?
Males gametes are within the pollen grains.
Female gametes are egg cells or ova.
What is pollination?
Pollination is where a pollen grains are transferred from the anthers of the flower to the stigma.
How is pollination done?
By wind and insects
What happen after pollination?
Fertilization take place and zygote develops into seed and become enclosed in fruit.
Where are pollen grains and ova produced?
pollen grains - anther of the stamens
Ova - Ovules in Ovaries
What are different types of pollinations?
Self-pollination (Pollination occurs within the same plant)
Cross-pollination (Pollen grains from a plant is transferred to another plant)
What are differences between insect-pollinated and wind-pollinated flowers?
Insect pollinated flowers
- Stamens and stigma are enclosed in the flower
- Sticky Stigma
- Large and brightly colored petals
- Have Nectaries to produce sweet liquid
- Larger and sticky pollen grains
Wind pollinated flowers
- Stamens and stigma are exposed
- Feathery stigma
- Small and green colored petals
- Smaller, smooth and inflated pollen grains
What have to be done for fertilization to take place?
The nucleus of the pollen grains must fuse with the nucleus of the ova inside the ovule in the ovary.
What does pollen grain do to transfer the nucleus to the ovum?
It form a pollen tube, which grows down through the tissue of the style and into an ovary.
What are changes that take places after fertilization?
- Zygote developed into embryonic plant with radicle and shoot
- Other contents of the ovule develop into food store for germination
- Ovule wall become seed coat (Testa)
- Ovary wall become fruit coat
What does seed contain?
See contain a plant embryo consisting of a radicle (root) and plumule (shoot), one or two cotyledons (seed leaves) and food stores either in the cotyledons or other part of the seed.
What happen during germination?
The food store is used up, providing nutrients for radicle and plumule to grow.
