Reproduction In Plants

Question 1

What is the biological definition of a species

Answer 1

agroup of organismsfrom thesame population with anabilityto reproducewith one another in nature andproduce viableandfertile offspring.

Question 2

What two ways can plants reproduce

Answer 2

Plants are living organisms that can reproduce either sexually or asexually

Question 3

What does asexual mean

Answer 3

any word consisting of the prefix “a” means “lacking” or “without.”

therefore, asexual reproduction is a form of producing offspring without sex or the exchange of genetic material

Question 4

What does sexual mean

Answer 4

Sexual reproduction is just the opposite and it requires sex between two organisms and an exchange of genetic material.

Question 5

What is the definition of sexual reproduction

Answer 5

theproductionof offspringwith genetic material (DNA) fromtwo individualsof theopposite sex(male and female).

Question 6

what two main categories can all cells inside of a living organism be broken up into

Answer 6

Somatic and Sex cells

Question 7

what are somatic cells

Answer 7

Somatic cells (or body cells) areany cellssuch as skin cells, muscle cells, epidermal cells etc

Question 8

What are sex cells

Answer 8

Sex cells (or germline cells) areeggandsperm cells and egg and sperm are collectively calledgametes

Question 9

what are the different number of chromosomes in each nucleus of each cell in living organisms

Answer 9

• Humans have 46 chromosomes
• Mice have 40chromosomes
• Fruit flies have 8chromosomes
• Tomatoes have 12chromosomes
• Oranges have 18 chromosomes

Question 10

how do we represent the total number of chromosomesper species

Answer 10

2n

Question 11

how does chromosomes work in relation to sexual reproduction

Answer 11

Sexual reproduction involves the combining of chromosomes from two individuals, one male and one female. Each offspring will be unique as it will only inherit half the total number of chromosomes from each parent. Therefore, the father will contribute 50% of his total chromosomes and likewise, the mother will only contribute 50% of her total chromosomes.

Question 12

how is the number of chromosomes reduced

Answer 12

The reduction of the genetic material (chromosomes) occurs through the process ofmeiosis. Meiosis is a form ofcell divisionwhereby the genetic material becomes reduced byhalf of its original total

Question 13

what are the cells formed in meiosis called

Answer 13

The cell that forms during meiosis will now be called germline cells or sex cells

Question 14

how do we represent the total number of chromosomes present in a sex cell

Answer 14

1n or n

Question 15

what do haploid cells do during reproduction

Answer 15

During sexual reproduction, haploid sex cells must fuse for fertilisation to occur. Once fertilisation has occurred, the fertilised egg becomes a diploid zygote.

Question 16

what are the steps for sexual reproduction for plants

Answer 16

1. The flower contains anovary (female structure) andanthers (male structures).
2. Diploid cells in the ovary and anthers undergomeiosis.
3. During the process of meiosis,haploid sex cells are produced.
4. Haploidfemale sex cells are stored in theovule ,and haploidmale sex cells are stored in thepollen grains.
5. Aftersuccessful fusion of haploid sex cells,fertilisation occurs.
6. The fertilised egg becomes adiploidzygote.
7. The zygote undergoesmitosis and develops into anembryo (mitosis is cell division for growth and development).
8. The embryo becomes aseed.
9. The seed develops into a youngplant.
10. The young plant grows to become asexually mature plant.

Question 17

what the reproductive parts of a plant

Answer 17

• Flowers are thereproductive structures that containmale andfemale reproductiveorgans.
• Ananther is apollen-producing structure and part of the male reproductive organ.
• Theovary is anegg-producing structure and is part of thefemale reproductive organ.

Question 18

a revision on sexual reproduction

Answer 18

“Haploid spermmust fuse with ahaploid egg to produce adiploid zygote.”

• The male and female reproductive parts producediploid cells that undergomeiosis
• Meiosisreduces the total amount of chromosomes and produceshaploid sex cells.
• Haploid sex cells fuse to produce afertilised diploid zygote.
• A zygote will mature into anembryo
• An embryo develops into aseed.
• A seed will develop into a newplant