reproduction in plants Flashcards
what is the characteristics of asexual reproduction
production of genetically identical offspring from one parent
do not involve fusion of gametes
relatively quicker method
what is the characteristics of sexual reproduction
production of genetically offspring from two parent
requires the fusion of the nucleus of male gametes with nucleus of female gametes to form zygote
genetically dissimilar
relatively slower method
what is bisexual plant
consist of both male and female parts
what is uni-sexual plant
consist of either male or female parts only
male gamete is found within the…
pollen grain
female gamete is found within the…
ovule
what are the female parts of the plant called
carpel
what are the male parts of the plant called
stamen
carpel consists of…
stigma
style
ovary
stamen consists of…
anther
filament
what is the function of stigma
to receive pollen grains
what is the function of style
holds stigma upright and connect to the ovary
what is the function of ovary
produce and protects ovules
ovule contain…
an ovum (female gamete)
what is the function of anther
produce pollen grains (male gamete)
what is the function of filament
holds anther to disperse pollen grains
what is the function of petals
it is a landing platform for insects
what is the function of receptacle
holds the different part of the plant together
what is the function of sepal
protects and encloses flowers during bud stage
it is usually green in colour
define pollination
it is the transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma
what is self pollination
transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma to the
same flower and
different flowers of the same plant
what is cross pollination
transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma to
another plant of the same species
which pollination between cross and self depends on wind/ insect pollination
cross pollination
characteristics of insect pollination
large and brightly coloured petals
fragent smell
pollen grain is large with rough surface
characteristics of wind pollination
small and dull coloured petals
large, feathery and protruding stigmas
odourless smell
pollen grain is small and light with smooth surface
explain the process of fertilisation of plants
during pollination, pollen grain is transferred to the stigma
each pollen grain contain 2 sex cells
the pollen grain secretes in the stigma,
growth of pollen tube
it then carries the 2 male gamete through the style
enters the ovule through an opening called micropyle
thus, 1 male gamete enters the ovule
fusion occurs = fertilisation
give two difference between asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction
asexual reproduction: only one parent required offspring are genetically identical relatively quicker method sexual reproduction: two parents required offspring are genetically dissimilar relatively slower method
how does a pollen tube grow
a pollen tube grows from each pollen grain
enzymes are secreted by the pollen tube
it grows down the style into the ovary and enters the ovule through an opening called the micropyle
what is the opening of pollen tube called
micropyle
