reproduction in humans Flashcards
what is the function of prostate gland
it releases semen
the semen contains nutrients and enzymes to help actite the sperms
what is the function of sperm duct
it is a pathway travelled by the sperm from the testis to the urethra
what is the function of penis
it is an erectile organ
deposits semen into vagina
what is the function of urethra
pathway for urine and semen to travel out of the body
what is the function of testis
produce sperms and male sex hormones
what is the function of scrotum
keeps testis at a lower temperature
optimal for sperm production
what is the function of oviduct
fertilisation occurs
ovum (the egg) fertilised in oviduct
what is the function of ovary
produce eggs and
female sex hormones such as oestrogen and progesterone
what is the function of uterus
consist of the uterine lining
what is the function of uterine lining
after fertilisation,
site of implantation of embryo
if no fertilisation occur,
it breaks down and passes out of the body
what is the function of cervix
it is a circular ring of muscles
enlarge when delivering a baby
what is the function of vagina
semen is deposited into the vagina during sex
function of oestrogen
repair and grow uterine lining after menses
what is the function of progesterone
maintain and thicken uterine lining to prepare for implantation
the days of menstrual cycle can be affected by
stress
illness
malnutrition
what happens between day 1 to 5 of the menstrual cycle
menses occur for about 5 days
process whereby blood and uterine lining is broken down and is being discharged from uterus to the vagina
what happens between day 6 to 13 of the menstrual cycle
ovaries secretes oestrogen
what happens between day 14 of the menstrual cycle
ovulation occurs
the release of an egg from the ovary
what happens between day 15 to 28 of the menstrual cycle
progesterone is secreted to thicken the uterine lining
thus ready for possible implantation
explain the fertilisation and zygote development
during sex, semen (sperm) is deposited into the vagina
sperms swim up to the oviduct and meet the ovum
fertilisation occurs, nucleus of one sperm and nucleus of ovum = zygote
zygote is travelled down to the uterus.
as it travels, zygote will divide into many times to form a ball of cells called an embryo
it then reaches the uterus an embedded into the uterine lining
what is HIV stands for
human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
what causes HIV
(AIDS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome is caused by HIV
how is HIV spread
by contact via
blood
semen
vaginal fluid
HIV is transmitted by…
sex with an infected person
receiving blood transfusion from infected donor
sharing and reusing contaminated needle
infected mum can also pass disease to a fetus during pregnancy
HIV can be prevented by
having protected sex - use condom
have sex with one partner
screening of blood that is donated
not sharing objects that can be contaminated with blood or bodily fluids
how long can a female egg survive
it an survive 24hr after ovulation
how long can sperms survive
up to 5 days
