nutrition in plants and transport in plant

Question 1

what is the function of waxy cuticle

Answer 1

prevents excessive evaporation from top and bottom leaf

Question 2

why is the waxy cuticle transparent

Answer 2

to allow light to enter the leaf

Question 3

is waxy cuticle a cell

Answer 3

no

Question 4

why does the upper and lower epidermis does not have chloroplast

Answer 4

to allow light to reach the cells beneath

Question 5

why does palisade mesophyll have large no. of chloroplasts

Answer 5

to absorb light energy

Question 6

why does palisade mesophyll contain more chloroplasts than spongy mesophyll

Answer 6

this is because it is closer to the upper surface of the leaf thus receives more light/ sunlight

Question 7

why does chloroplasts have loosely packed with intercellular air spaces

Answer 7

so that it can facilitate diffusion of gases

Question 8

what is the function of stomata

Answer 8

to allow gaseous exchange of gases between leaf and atmosphere

Question 9

difference between stoma and stomata

Answer 9

stoma - singular

stomata - plural

Question 10

where are stomata found

Answer 10

it is found only on lower epidermis

Question 11

what is the function of guard cells

Answer 11

to control the size of stomata for gaseos exchange

Question 12

vascular bundle consists of…

Answer 12

xylem and phloem

Question 13

what is the function of xylem

Answer 13

transport H2O and mineral salts from roots to the leaves

Question 14

what is the function of phloem

Answer 14

transport manufactured food (sucrose + amino acid)from leaf to other parts of the plants

Question 15

xylem is located inside/outside

phloem is located inside/outside

Answer 15

xylem is located inside

phloem is located outside

Question 16

what food does phloem transports

Answer 16

sucrose and amino acids

Question 17

what are the 3 internal structures where photosynthesis can take place

Answer 17

palisade mesophyll
spongy mesophyll
guard cells

Question 18

carbohydrates are made in…

Answer 18

chloroplasts

Question 19

at stomata, diffusion/osmosis occurs

Answer 19

diffusion

Question 20

difference between palisade and spongy mesophyll

Answer 20

1) P contains more chloroplsts

2) P are closely packed while S are loosely packed

Question 21

word eqn of photosynthesis

Answer 21

CO2 + H2O —————–> glucose + oxygen

(light & chlorophyll)

Question 22

source of energy for photosynthesis

Answer 22

sun

Question 23

what happens to the product after photosynthesis

Answer 23

oxygen diffuses out of the stomata

glucose converted into starch and stored in the leaves. it is then used to release energy

Question 24

explain the process of photosynthesis

Answer 24

green plant has chlorophyll to trap sunlight, it is a source of energy that is needed to carry out photosynthesis
light energy is converted to chemical potential energy
CO2 and H2O are taken in by plant
and converted into oxygen and glucose

Question 25

what are the 3 factors affecting photosynthesis

Answer 25

light intensity
CO2 concentration
temp

Question 26

what is limiting factor

Answer 26

a factor that stops the reaction from occurring

Question 27

what is transpiration pull

Answer 27

where water vapour escapes from stomata of leaves via transpiration
water from xylem at leaves is removed to replace the water lost
suction force pulls water up the xylem as water in leaf cells being replaced

Question 28

what is translocation

Answer 28

it is the transport of food

Question 29

what is transportation in a plant

Answer 29

it is the movement of water through a plant

Question 30

explain how the movement of water moves throughout the plant
in diffusion 
in evaporation 
in transportation 
in osmosis

Answer 30

1) diffusion -water diffuses out of the leaf in the stomata
2) evaporation -more water evaporates inside the leaf
3) transportation pull -thus, causes the water to be pulled up by the plant through the xylem
4) osmosis - water then enters through the roots by osmosis

Question 31

what are the 4 factors affecting transportation

Answer 31

temperature
light
wind
humidity

Question 32

explain wilting

Answer 32

where there is excessive transportation and plants do not take in enough water = wilting occurs
plant wilts, leaves will fold up and reduce the surface area exposed to the sun, reducing the water loss
loss or water results in guard cells flaccid and stomata closes
hence transportation decreases

Question 33

what are the adaptations of palisade mesophyll cells

Answer 33

it is closely packed
large no. of chloroplasts to absorb light energy = carry out the most photosynthesis
wall coated with layer of moisture to allow gases to dissolve before diffusing into the cells

Question 34

what are the adaptations of spongy mesophyll cells

Answer 34

less chloroplasts, less photosynthesis
loosely packed with intercellular air spaces to facilitate diffusion of gases
wall coated with layer of moisture to allow gases to dissolve before diffusing into the cells

Question 35

what is the function of chloroplasts

Answer 35

contain chlorophyll which absorb light energy

Question 36

what gas does a plant take in

Answer 36

carbon dioxide

Question 37

what happens after the plant takes carbon dioxide? where does it enter through?

Answer 37

it enters through the stomata

dissolve in a thin film of moisture on the spongy mesophyll cells and diffuses into the cells