Reproduction in a flowering plant

Question 1

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 1

Reproduction that only involves one parent

Question 2

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 2

Reproduction that involves the union of two sex cells/ gametes

Question 3

Gametes

Answer 3

Haploid cells capable of fusion

Question 4

Fertilisation

Answer 4

The union of the male and female gametes to form a diploid zygote

Question 5

Pollination

Answer 5

The transfer of pollen from one anther to a stigma of a flower from the same species

Question 6

Self Pollination

Answer 6

The transfer of pollen from an anther of a plant to the stigma of the same plant

Question 7

Cross Polination

Answer 7

The transfer of pollen to and from different plants

Question 8

Methods of which pollination can occur

Answer 8

Wind, Animal, Water

Question 9

Where is food stored in a ____:
1. Monocoytledonous seed
2. Dicotyledonous seed

Answer 9

1. Endosperm
2. Cotyledon

Question 10

Dispersal

Answer 10

The transfer of a seed or fruit from the parent plant

Question 11

Methods of dispersal

Answer 11

• Wind dispersal: Some plants produce small, light seeds, seeds
• Water dispersal: Coconuts & water lilies have air-filled fruits that float
• Animal dispersal: Sticky fruits attach to an animals fur
• Self-dispersal: Fruits explode and release seeds under force

Question 12

What causes Dormancy

Answer 12

Occurs when a seed fails to germinate even in suitable conditions

Question 13

Dormancy Advantages

Answer 13

• It avoids plants growing in winter
• It allows embryos to develop
• It gives seeds a chance to be dispersed
• It allows the survival of a species

Question 14

Germination

Answer 14

The regrowth of the embryo after dormancy if environmental conditions are suitable

Question 15

Germination events

Answer 15

1. Seed absorbs water through the micropyle which activates enzymes.
2. Oils, starch, and proteins are digested, and the products are given to the embryo.
3. Glucose and amino acids are used to make plant enzymes and cell components.
4. Respiration occurs to make energy.
5. The dry mass of the seed decreases as the mass of the seedling increases

Question 16

False Fruits

Answer 16

Fruits that do not develop from the ovary

Question 17

Parthenocarpy

Answer 17

The production of fruit from an unfertilised plant

Question 18

Dicot

Answer 18

Store food in the cotyledon

Question 19

Monocot

Answer 19

Store food in the endosperm

Question 20

Seed Formation

Answer 20

• The ovule becomes the seed, and its walls dry out to become the seed coat.
• The zygote grows by mitosis to form a cotyledon
• The endosperm divides to produce food for the new plant

Question 21

Wind Pollinated plants

Answer 21

-Petals: small, green, unscented and no nectarines
-Pollen: small and plentiful
-Anthers: large, hang outside petals, loosely attached to filament
-Stigmas: large, feathery, and outside petals

Question 22

Animal Pollinated Plants

Answer 22

-Petals: large, colourful, scented and have nectarines
-Pollen: scarce, heavy, sticky, and spiny
-Anthers: small, inside petals, well attached to the filament
-Stigmas are small, sticky and inside petals

Question 23

Double Fertilisation

Answer 23

• Polar nuclei fuse together
• Endosperm nucleus forms
• Egg fuses to form the zygote

Question 24

Egg Formation

Answer 24

• Megaspore mother cell divides by meiosis
• 4 new haploid cells created
• 4 cells divide by mitosis to make 8 haploid cells.
• 3 cells used in fertilisation
• Two polar nuclei and the egg formed