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Hospital Care > Reproduction > Flashcards

Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

What are the basic structures of the female reproductive system in dogs/cats

A 
Ovary
Infundibulum
Oviduct
Uterine Horn
Uterine Body
Cervix
Vulva
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2
Q

What are the basic structures of the male reproductive system in dogs/cats?

A

Epididimis
Spermatic Chord
Prepuse
Penis

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3
Q

What are the structures contained in the spermatic chord?

A 
Vans deferens
muscles
nerves
blood vessels
lymph vessels
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4
Q

What are the different Frequency of Estrous Cycles?

A

Monestrus: onces per year
Diestrus: 2 per year
Polyestrus: Many per year
Seasonally Polyestrous: Many per year at certain times

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5
Q

How often do dogs have estrous cycle?

A

Diestrus (most)

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6
Q

What type of estrous cycle do cats have?

A

Seasonally Polyestrous

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7
Q

What are the 4 stages of an Estrous Cycle?

A

Proestrus
Estrus
Diestrus
Anestrus

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8
Q

What is happening during Proestrus in dogs?

A 
7-10 days long
Body getting ready
Serosanguinous fluid
attracting males
swollen vulva
Eggs ripening within follicles
Epitheleal cells become cornified towards end of proestrus
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9
Q

What is happening during Estrus cycle in dogs?

A

7-10 days
Female is receptive to male
egg leaves follicle (ovulation)
90% of cells are cornified

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10
Q

What is happening during diestrus in dogs?

A

Lasts 9 weeks
Either pregnant
or Body returns to normal

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11
Q

What is happening during Anestrus in dogs?

A

5-6 month’s long

No sexual Activity

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12
Q

What are the examined during a Vaginal Cytology?

A

Cells of vulva to determine most likely ovulation.

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13
Q

What changes are seen in cells examined in Vaginal Cytology

A

Sample will go from mostly red blood cells to more and more epithelial cells which will turn from a fried egg shape to a “cornified” shape as they near estrus

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14
Q

What is happening during Proestrus in a Cat?

A

1-3 days

No visible changes

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15
Q

What is an induced Ovulator?

A

Must have vaginal stimulation to ovulate

Cats

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16
Q

What are the 3 different outcomes during a Cat’s Estrous Cycle?

A

Dont ovulate
Ovulate but don’t become pregnant
Ovulate and become pregnant

17
Q

What is happening during the Estrus cycle in a Cat?

A

8-10 days
Ready to accept male
After day 3, will ovulate if stimulated
Become very vocal

18
Q

What happens during Diestrus in a Cat?

A

45 days if not pregnant but did ovulate

9 weeks if pregnant

19
Q

What is happening during Anestrus in a Cat?

A

No sexual activity
3-14 days if didn’t ovulate
14 days if did ovulate but didn’t get pregnant
2-6 weeks if was pregnant

20
Q

What is the length of gestation of cats and dogs?

A

9 weeks, 63 days roughly

21
Q

What test should all female dogs get before breeding?

A

Brucellosis (STD) which causes abortion and infertility

22
Q

What is parturition?

A

Giving birth

23
Q

How is pregnancy diagnosed?

A

Palpation (about day 25)
Ultrasound (after 21 days in dogs, 14 days in cats)
Radiology (45-50 days)

24
Q

Describe Stage 1 Parturition in Dogs

A

6-36 hours
restless
nesting
body temperature drop

25
Q

Describe Stage 2 parturition in dogs

A

20-60 minutes per puppy

blackish green discharge (no smell)

26
Q

How many puppies/kittens are both breach?

A

40%, not a problem

27
Q

Describe Parturition in Cats:

A

36 hours total
20-60 minutes per kitten
reddish brown discharge (no smell) normal

28
Q

What is lactation stimulated by?

A

Pituitary gland

Milk comes in around day 10-14

29
Q

When should solid foods be introduced to cats/kittens?

A

5-6 weeks

30
Q

When should mother be fed kitten/puppy food?

A

During last 3 weeks of pregnancy and all of lactation at least.

31
Q

What is Dystocia?

A

Difficulty giving birth

32
Q

What classifies dystocia in dogs?

A

strong contractions for 30 minutes with no puppy
weak, infrequent contractions for 2 hours
more than 2 hours b/w puppies

33
Q

What classifies dystocia in cats?

A

Strong contractions for 20 minutes with no kitten

Acute onset depression

34
Q

What are some Postpartum problems?

A 
Mastitis (inflammation of mammory glands)
Eclampsia
Hypocalcemia
Retained placenta
Pseudopregnancy
Resorption/Abortion
Pyrometer
35
Q

What is Pseudopregnancy?

A

After large progesterone spike, animal may exhibit signs of pregnancy even though they are not.

36
Q

What is Pyrometra and what are the types?

A

A uterine infection
Open: cervix hasn’t swollen shut, pus able to drain
Closed: Cervix is close, pus builds, life threatening

Hospital Care (12 decks)

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