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Hospital Care > Emergency and First Aid > Flashcards

Emergency and First Aid Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of Hospital Staff in an emergency?

A

Recognize emergency ->Care->Monitor

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2
Q

What are the Keys to identifying an emergency? (3)

A

Assess on the phone.
Rapid Accurage Assessment
Ask questions

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3
Q

What are some questions you can ask on the phone to assess an emergency?

A 
Are they breathing?
What happened? When did it start?
Why is it an emergency now?
What do their gums look like?
What have they eaten?
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4
Q

What are the normal body temperatures of dogs and cats?

A

38-39 degrees

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5
Q

What is the normal heart rate range of a dog?

A

70-160 beats per minute

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6
Q

What is the normal heart rate range of a cat?

A

130-190 bpm

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7
Q

What is the normal respiratory rate of a dog?

A

8-20

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8
Q

What is the normal respiratory rate of a cat?

A

8-30

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9
Q

What is the normal Capillary Refill Time (CRT) of cats and dogs?

A

1-2 seconds

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10
Q

What should colour should a cat/dog’s Mucous Membranes (MM) be?

A

pink

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11
Q

What is the normal BP of a dog?

A

100-150

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12
Q

What is the normal BP of a cat?

A

100-180 (in clinic)

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13
Q

What is the normal Urine output for dogs and cats?

A

1-2 ml/kg/hr

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14
Q

Do large dogs have higher or lower heart rate?

A

Generally lower.

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15
Q

At what point is the blood pressure in a cat dangerously high?

A

200

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16
Q

At what age of cat should their blood pressure be monitored routinely and why?

A

10 because high BP can lead to kidney disease

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17
Q

What are the abnormal Mucous Membrane Colours (MM) and what could they suggest?

A 
White: Anemia, shock
Blue: Poor oxygenation
Yellow: jaundice, liver disfunction
Brick Red: overheated, excess CO2
Petechiation: coagulation issues
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18
Q

What are the steps to Assessing Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation?

A

ABC’s
Airway: make sure its clear, extend neck, close muzzle to breath into nose
Breathing: notice pattern and depth
C: Circulation: Capillary refill time, mucous membrane colour

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19
Q

When performing CPR, how many beats and breaths should you give?

A

30 beats, then 2 breaths, don’t lift head

20
Q

How do you perform the Heimlich maneuver on a dog/cat?

A

Abdominal thrust with animal in lateral recumbency

chest compressions over heart.

21
Q

What are the steps to providing first aid to a patient? (5)

A 
Handler Safety Measures (confirm blood is animal not human)
Assess Patient (vital signs/injurys)
Stop Bleeding (pressure, tourniquet)
Poison injestion steps
Transport to hospital
22
Q

What are some items used to increase handler safety?

A

Muzzle, towels, blankets

23
Q

What are some ways to stop bleeding?

A

Apply Pressure or use tourniquet if heavy bleeding (life or limb scenario)

24
Q

How often should you release a tourniquet to lower risk of limb damage?

A

5 minutes on, 10 seconds off.

25
Q

What do you do if you see an emergency in the field?

A

Assess–> Stabilize–> Transport

26
Q

What is the Primary Response to an Emergency in Hospital?

A 
Determine most important issue
ABC's (airway, breathing, circulation)
Full Assessment of patient
Mentation (response level)
BAR/QAR/Unresponsive
Pupil size
Gait
TPR (temp, pulse, respiration)
27
Q

What is the Secondary Response to an emergency in Hospital?

A

Assess other possible injuries and illnesses after all immediate measures are taken.

28
Q

What is the “Crash Cart”

A

Emergency supplies located in one spot for easy access during an emergency

29
Q

What is some advice you can give for profuse bleeding?

A

Apply pressure
Possible tourniquet
Get to vet

30
Q

What advice can you give for Respiratory Distress?

A

Bring to vet to remove blockage

Heimlich maneuver

31
Q

What advice can you give for a near drowning?

A

Hang upside down if able
CPR
Get to vet

32
Q

What advice can you give for an Electrocution?

A

Look for enter and exit wound
Blood vessels likely damaged
Take to vet

33
Q

What advice can you give for Overheating?

A

Cool down with room temperature water
Cool down paws with spritz bottle
Do not use cold water or body will go into shock and cause organ failure

34
Q

What advice can you give for shock?

A

Physiological response to trauma

Keep warm, need IV so get to vet clinic

35
Q

What advice can you give for Dystocia?

A

Determine if puppy/kitten is stucl
See if contractions are still happening
Take to vet

36
Q

What is Gastric Dilation Volvulus? (GDV)

A

When the stomach flips on itself with food still in it. The stomach distends and causes gas buildup.
Fast killer, get to vet

37
Q

What advice can you give for Poisoning?

A

Vomit if recent (unless dangerous to do so)
Call ASPCA’s poison control center
get to Vet, bring label

38
Q

What advice can you give for decreased/absent urine output or obstruction?

A

Clients will often think their animal is constipated

Urine will just keep building so need to come in immediately

39
Q

What advice can you give for Severe burns?

A

Dehydration and infection are concerns
Pain control
Needs to come in immediately
can put cool water on but no oil

40
Q

What advice can you give for prolonged seizures?

A

if they are unusual, or longer than 5 minutes, come into vet

41
Q

What advice can you give for prolapse of organ?

A

Stabalize and take to vet

42
Q

What advice can you give for a snakebite?

A

Need antivenom take to vet

43
Q

What advice can you give for Open wound?

A

Stabilize and get to clinic

44
Q

What advice can you give for a Penetrating thoracic or abdominal wound?

A

Do not remove object

bring to clinic

45
Q

What advice can you give for loss of consciousness?

A

Usually heart or BP related

Bring to clinic

46
Q

What is water toxicity?

A

Injesting too much water interrupting normal electrolyte balance.
Prevention is key.

47
Q

What are some items you can have in an emergency kit for at home?

A 
First aid booklet/guide
Towel
Scissors
Stethoscope
Thermometer
Lube
Hand sani
Kotex pads
syringe
gloves

Hospital Care (12 decks)

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