Reproduction

Question 1

What is the carpel and what does it consist?

Answer 1

Female reproductive part, ovary, style and stigma

Question 2

What is the stamen and what does it consist?

Answer 2

Male reproductive part, anther and filament

Question 3

What does the anther do?

Answer 3

Contain pollen grains, produce male gametes

Question 4

What does the filament do?

Answer 4

Stalk that supports the anther

Question 5

What does the stigma do?

Answer 5

End bit that the pollen grains attach to

Question 6

What does the style do?

Answer 6

The rod-like section that supports the stigma

Question 7

What does the ovary do?

Answer 7

Contains the female gametes inside ovules

Question 8

What is pollination?

Answer 8

The transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma, so that the male gametes can fertilise the female gametes in sexual reproduction

Question 9

What is cross-pollination?

Answer 9

A type of sexual reproduction where pollen is transferred from the anther of one plant to the stigma of another

Question 10

How can plants be adapted for insect pollination?

Answer 10

1) Brightly coloured petals to attract insects
2) Scented flowers to attract insects
3) Big, sticky pollen grains to stick to insects
4) Stigma is sticky so that any pollen picked up by insects on other plants will stick to the stigma

Question 11

How can plants be adapted for wind pollination?

Answer 11

1) Small, dull petals on the flower
2) Lots of pollen grains that are small and light
3) Long filaments that hang the anthers outside the flower so that lots of pollen can get blown away
4) A large and feathery stigma to catch pollen as its carried past by the wind. The stigma often hangs outside the flower too

Question 12

What is fertilisation?

Answer 12

1) A pollen grain lands on the stigma of a flower
2) A pollen tube grows out of the pollen grain and down through the style to the ovary and into the ovule
3) A nucleus from the male gamete moves down the tube to join with a female gamete in the ovule. Fertilisation is when the two nuclei fuse together to make a zygote. This divides by mitosis to form an embryo
4) Each fertilised female gamete forms a seed. The ovary develops into a fruit around the seed

Question 13

What is germination?

Answer 13

1) The seed takes in water and starts to grow using its store of energy
2) The first root starts to grow down into the soil
3) The shoot grows up
4) Finally, extra roots grow and the first green leaves appear