Food Production Flashcards
What are added to plants to increase crop yield?
Fertilisers as they make sure they have enough minerals to grow
What are the two types of pest control?
1) Pesticides
2) Biological control
What are pesticides?
Chemical pest control. They are poisonous for humans so the amount of pesticides bust be controlled. They harm other wildlife as well
What is biological control?
An alternative to using pesticides, using other organisms that reduce the number of pests, encouraging wild organisms or adding new ones
How do you make yoghurt?
1) Sterilise the equipment to kill off unwanted microorganisms
2) The milk is pasteurised and then the milk is cooled
3) Lactobacillus bacteria are added, and then the mixture is heated in a fermenter
4) The bacteria ferments the lactose sugar in the milk to form lactic
5) Lactic acid causes the milk to clot, and solidify into yoghurt
6) Flavours and colouring is added
What can grow in fermenters?
Microorganisms
How can we make bread?
1) A dough is made by mixing yeast with flour, water and a bit of sugar
2) The dough is then left in a warm place to rise
3) Enzymes break down the carbohydrates into sugars
4) They yeast uses the sugar to respire aerobically producing carbon dioxide
5) When the oxygen runs out, the yeast respires anaerobically, this is fermentation
6) Carbon dioxide produces bubbles in the dough
7) The pockets of dough expand rising the dough
8) The dough is then baked in an oven where the yeast continues to ferment until the temperature of the dough rises enough to kill the yeast
9) As the yeast dies the dough stops rising
Why are fish farmed in cages?
Increases the yield
How does fish farming increase the yield of the fish?
1) They cant swim far so they save energy
2) Protects them from interspecific predation
3) Diet is controlled to maximise growth
4) Young fish are reared in special tanks to ensure survival
5) Separate the young and old fish to avoid intraspecific breeding
