Reproduction Flashcards
What is fragmentation?
Regeneration from a piece to a whole organism
What is parthogenesis?
Growth of an embryo without fertilization by a male
Where are gametes produced?
Gonads
What occurs during gametogenesis?
Gene swapping and dividing
Where are male gametes produced?
In the seminiferous tubules
Role of prostate gland
Nutrition for sperm
Role of epididymis
Sperm maturation and storage
What are the testicular Leydig cell hormones?
Testosterone and INSL3
What is the main reproductive element of the ovary?
The follicle
What do primordial follicles develop into?
Antral follicles
What causes primordial follicles to develop into antral follicles?
Pituitary gonadotropins
What is folliculogenesis?
Follicle change
What occurs during the preantral phase?
Oogonia-Primordial-Primary-Secondary
What occurs during antral phase?
Secondary-Tertiary-Preovulatory
What happens to follicles from puberty to menopause?
Only one follicle ovulates and the rest degenerate
What is atresia?
Degeneration of ovaries
What forms when follicular cells differentiate?
Corpus luteum
Function of the gonads
Generate gametes, produce sex steroids and evolution
What is endometrium?
Remodelling of the uterine lining
Why is endometrium important?
For menstrual cycle, implantation and menstruation
How does reproduction occur in aquatic animals?
Unfertilized eggs are released into water and sperm is released over them
How does reproduction occur in birds?
Yolk released into oviduct where it is fertilized by a sperm
When are females sexually receptive?
Oestrous phase
How does fertilization occur?
Sperm penetrates zona to lie in the perivitelline space where it binds with plasma membrane
