Repro / Embryo Flashcards
Tamoxifen
–strong agonist against breast (treats ER-positive brest cancer)
–agonist effects on bone BUT
also agonist on uterus (increases risk of endometrial hyperplasia/cancer) so can NOT be used for routine use in osteoporosis
Raloxifene
estrogen agonist activity on bone (decr bone resorption and improves bone density)
estrogen ANTagonist effect on breast tissue (can decrease risk of breast cancer)
ANTagonist on uterus (does not increase risk of endometrial cancer)
good for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis and decreasing risk of breast cancer
What can you ligate for postpartum hemorrhage not responsive to medical management (ie uterine massage, uterotonic meds)
bilateral internal iliac artery ligation
uterus has enough collateral flow from ovarian arteries to maintain function
where do the left and right ovarian veins drain?
left ovarian v –> left renal v
right ovarian v –> IVC
(same for dudes’ testicles)
Bacterial Vaginosis
- causative organism
- exam characteristics
- lab findings
- tx
gardnerella vaginalis
thin off white dc with fishy odor
NO vaginal inflammation
ph>4.5
clue cells
positive whiff test
Metronidazole or clindamycin
Trichomoniasis
Trichomonas vaginalis
thin yellow-green, malodorous frothy dc
vaginal inflammatoin
pH>4.5
motile trichomonads
Metronidazole
tx sexual partner
Candida vaginitis
candida albicans
thick cottage cheese discharge
vaginal inflammation
NORMAL pH (3.8-4.5) pseudohyphae
Fluconazole
Cause of cleft lip
Cause of cleft palate
cleft lip - maxillary prominence fails to fuse with intermaxillary segment during week 5-6 of embryonic dev
cleft palate – palatine shelves fail to fuse with one another or with primary palate
cleft lip and palate can occur alone or together
