representation

Question 1

hall

Answer 1

encoding and decoding
stereotyping used to assert power
production of mining through signs

Question 2

butler

Answer 2

queer theory

gender is a social construct, male and female are created through repetition

Question 3

mulvey

Answer 3

male gaze
female body hyper-sexualised
audiences view women from the view of heterosexual males
men active women passive

Question 4

van zoonen

Answer 4

women (in magazines)
men and women represented differently, women are objectified as a result of western culture
meaning of genre changes according to cultural and historical context
right hand framing is dominant

Question 5

hooks

Answer 5

African American women
feminism is a struggle to end sexist/ patriarchal oppression
feminism is a political commitment rather than a lifestyle choice
race, class and sex determine extent to which individuals are discriminated against/ oppressed

Question 6

Gilroy

Answer 6

post colonialism
civilisation constructs racial hierarchies
colonial discourses continue to create contemporary attitudes towards race and ethnicity in the postcolonial era

Question 7

gauntlett

Answer 7

pick n mix
media provides us the tools/ resources to create our identity
media used to convey a singular message about ideal males and female identities