Repair And Regeneration Flashcards
What’s the 4 stages of wound healing
Haemostasis
Inflammation
Proliferation
Remodelling
What types of cells would be involved in the wound healing process
Fibroblast
Myofibroblasts
Parenchyma cells
Macrophages and lymphocytes
Progenitor cells
Endothelial cells
What is granulation tissue
Forms part of the fibrous repair and would form some of the fibrous tissue
When would granulation tissue be used
when would have the severe wounds and would need fibrous repair
Scab formation
What are the features of the granulation tissue
Angiogenesis (the formation of the new blood vessels)
Immune response
Fills the gaps
Repairs the damaged and lost tissues
What is angiogenesis
The formation of the new blood vessels
What is the difference between regeneration and repair
Regeneration: have the complete repair, the regain of function and the restoration of tissue
Repair: would have the partial repair, would be for severe cases, would not have the regain of the specialised functions
What is primary healing
Regeneration
Small wounds
Clean, little tissues lost complete closure
What is the secondary healing
Repair
Would have extensive tissues loss, not have complete repair
What is involved in bone healing
Haemostasis (blood clotting)
Inflammation
Granulation tissues (part of the fibrosis tissue formation, cytokines would form the osteoprogenitor cells)
Soft callus (soft tissue and cartilage)
Hard callus (softer tissue then lamella bone)
Lamellar bone
Remodelling
What is influences systematic repair and regeneration
Age
Obesity
Drug
Disease and health
Oxygen delivery
Malnutrition
What influences the local repair and regeneration
Necrosis
Blood supply
Type, size and location
Local infection
What are the collagen defects
Osteogenesis imperfecta (COL1A1 or COL1A2 gene)
Scurvy (vit c abscortic acid)
Elders-Danlos syndrome (mutation in type V collagen or the Lysyl oxidase deficiency - no cross links)
What is the main type of collagen that would be used in regeneration
Type 1 collagen
What are some of the complications of fibrous repair
-the overgrown fibrosis (keloid)
-the undergrowth of the repair, the fibrous repair would not fully occur
-fibrous repair from myocardial failure, impaired function
-formation of scar tissue int he blood vessels
-over contraction of the scars
What factors would determine if something is primary or secondary wound healing
How far the edges are
How much tissue has been lost
(If all of these would be large. This would lead to the secondary REPAIR)
What is a scar
The overgrowth of granulation tissue
What is it when you have the abnormal scar formation
The keloid
What causes a keloid scar to occur
When you would have too much collagen forming in the granulation tissue
This would then lead to the overgrowth and the keloid scar formation
What is proud flesh
The granulation tissue that growths over (pink and bumpy)
