Rennaissance Flashcards
What does Renaissance mean?
Rebirth
During renaissance there was explosion of creativity in what 3 areas
art. writing, thought
Where did Renaissance start
Italy
What are the 3 advantages for Italy that encouraged start of renaissance?
City States
Merchants and Medici
Looking to Greece and Rome
Who are merchants?
Wealthy middle class
What is Humanism?
Intellectual movement focuses on human potential and achievement
Humanism moved Medieval Christian teachings to what
Greek and roman views and humanties
Humanities is the study of
History, Literature, Philosophy
What is secular
not belonging to religious doctrine (beliefs) or lifestyle
Examples of secular lifestyle
material luxuries, fine foods, music, art
What a patron
financial supporter of artists
Example of a patron
Church leaders paid artists to beautify cities
Characteristics of a Renaissance Man
excels in arts, politics, combat, charming, witty
Characteristics of a Renaissance Woman
upper class, educated in classics, charming, inspire art
Handbook for how to be a universal man
The Courtier
Gained power as a patron and with political skill
Isabella d’Este
How did Renaissance change Art?
realistic styles
portray religious subjects
natural sculptures
perspective
what is perspective?
way to show 3d
Examples of Renaissance Artists
Sofonisba Anguiddola (female) Leonardo Davinci (painter/sculptor) Raphael (painter, showcased as philosopher)
What is vernacular?
writer’s way of speaking native language. language spoken by ordinary people
How did Renaissance change Literature?
writing focused on self-expression, inviduality
Who wrote The Prince
Machiavelli - explains how rulers gain and keep power
Who wrote The Decameron
Boccaccio - humanist poet
Who was Petrarch
Humanist author
Italian Renaissance ideas spread where
Northern Europe
German Painters
Albercht Durer and Hans Holbein
Where are Flemish from
Flanders, Belgium (capital of Northern Europe)
Flemish Painters
Jan van eyck, Pieter Bruegel
Similarities in Art between Italian and Northern Renaissance
religious themes, oil paintings
Differences in Art between Italian and Northern Renaissance
Italian - Idealized beauty, Simplified forms, heroic male nudes, mythological scenes, formal and reserved
Northern - intense realism, lifelike features, prosperous people and peasants, reveal individual personality
Northern Humanists started
Christian Humanism - criticized catholic church
What did Northern Humanists want to reform/change?
society, promote education particularly for woman
Examples of Christian Humanist
Desiderius Erasmus - wrote The Praise of Folly which makes fun of merchants and priests
Thomas More - model society in Utopia
What is Utopia
means no place. ideal place where greed war and corruption don’t exist (Thomas More’s book)
Who is Christine Pizan
promotes education and equal treatment for boys and girls
who was ruler during Elizabethean Age?
Queen Elizabeth 1
Who was the greatest playwright
William Shakespeare
Who developed the printing press
Johann Gutenberg
Examples of changes in Art from Renaissance
realistic portrayals
art is both secular and religious
writers use vernacular
art praises individual achievement
Examples of changes in Society from Renaissance
printing makes info available
people that cant read have books read to them
published maps and charts
published legal documents
political structures and religious are questioned
3 examples of the reformation
Church Authority Challenged, Criticisms of the Catholic Church, and Early Calls for reform
Who challenged the church authority
Individualism of Renaissance and Ruler’s
Who were criticisms of the catholic church
Corrupt leaders and poorly educated priests
What has authority over the clergy’s authority
the bible
Who sold indulgences
Friar Johann Tetzel
Luther’s theses circulated throughout what country
Germany
The reformation rejects who’s authority
Pope
What is indulgence
$$$ to get into heaven/a pardon releasing a person for penalty for sin
What is Reformation also known as
Protestant Reformation
3 things about Luther’s teachings
people can win salvation with faith alone, Christian teachings must be based on the bible, and All people with faith are equal
Who were Lutherans
People who followed Martin Luther
2 responses to Luther
The Peasants’ Revolt and Germany at war
Why did King Henry want to get a divorce with Catherine
She only gave him daughters instead of sons
How many wives did King Henry have
6
Queen Elizabeth started honoring whose traditions
Anglican
Swiss priest who called for church reforms
Zwingli
Zwingli got killed in a war between who
Catholics and Protestants
who wrote institutes of the Christian religion
John Calvin
What is Calvinism
followers of John Calvin
what is predestination
When God has already chosen who is saved
What is theocracy
Calvin’s ideal government
Who were Presbyterians
followers of John Knox
Who believed in the separation of the church and states
Anabaptists
What is the counter reformation
a reformation which seeks to reform Catholic Church from within
Who is Ignatius of Loyola
a leading catholic reformer and Saint
Who were Jesuits
followers of Ignatius
What did the council of Trent reform
Church’s interpretation of bible is final and Bible and Church traditions equally
Religious effect of the reformation
Catholic Church is unified
Social effect of the reformation
Catholics created schools
2 political effects of the reformation
Catholic Church’s power lessens and Reformation’s question beliefs
