Age of Imperialism Flashcards
What countries colonized Africa and Asia, leading to political and cultural changes
Western Countries
What did Europe do because they ignored the claims of African ethnic groups, kingdoms, and city-states
they established colonies
How many ethnic and linguistic groups did Africa divided into
100’s
What did the different groups range from
large empires to individual villages
How many different languages were there
over 1,000
Who were able to keep the Europeans out of Africa for 400 years
powerful African armies
What 3 things discouraged exploration
Armies, rivers, and disease
What 3 people reached interior of Africa
Missionaries, explorers, and humanitarians
Who helped King Leopold II of Belgium acquire land in Congo
Henry Stanley
Who did Leopold brutally exploit/how many died
Africans/millions
Who toke colony away from Leopold
Belgian government
Who began to claim parts of Africa
Much of Europe
What is the seizure of a country or territory by another country, usually using military or aggressive force
Imperialism
What is the belief that one race is better than others
Racism
What are the 4 causes of Imperialism
Economic, Social, Political and Military, and Technological
What was one main technological invention
Steam engine
Who helped conquest
Maxim gun
What protected Europeans from malaria
Perfection of Quinine protects
What 2 things were Africans divided by
Language and culture
The discovery of what 2 things increased interest in colonization
Gold and Diamonds
What is the greatest source of wealth in Africa
Raw materials
What did Businesses develop
cash-crop plantations
What 2 countries are free of European control
Liberia and Ethiopia
How many nations agree on rules for division
14
What divided Africa
Berlin Conference
Who was a Zulu chief that created a centralized state
Shaka
Who did Britain defeat in order to gain control of Zulu nation
Zulus
Who are Dutch farmers who take African’s land and establish large farms
Boers
Who did Boers clash with over land
The british
Where did slaves move to in order to escape British
North
Who won the Boer v.s. Britain war
British
Where did Boer republics unite
Union of South Africa
What did Europeans embark on that affected both Africa and the rest of the world
A new phase of empire building
Who demanded for more expensive goods
Spur
Who payed more, factories or farms
factories
How much of their colony did Europeans want to control
all aspects of it
What are the 4 forms of control territory
Colony, protectorate, sphere of influence, and economic imperialism
What is governed by a foreign power
colony
what governs itself, but under outside control
protectorate
what is outside power that controls investment, trading
sphere of influence
what is a private business that interests assert control
economic imperialism
What is it when Europeans provide for local people, but grant no rights
Paternalism
What is the adaptation of local people to ruling culture
Assimilation
Who conquered southern Nigeria using both diplomacy and force
Britian
Who claimed all of Nigeria as a colony
Britian
Who is a culturally diverse area, with about 250 ethnic groups
Nigeria
What kind of rule does britain use successfully with Hausa and Fulani
Indirect
Who has superior weapons
Europeans
Who actively resists French for almost 50 years
Algeria
Who fought French in West Africa for 16 years
Samori Toure
Where did people put faith in spiritual defense
In german east africa
Who is an emperor of Ethiopia, resists Europeans
Menelik II
Who defeated Italy
Menelik II
What reduced local fighting
Colonialism
What was created
hospitals and schools
What brought economic growth
Technology
Who lost land and independence
Africa
What broke down
Traditional culture
What created problems that continue today
Division of Africa
