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World History > Absolute monarchs in Europe > Flashcards

Absolute monarchs in Europe Flashcards

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1
Q

who began ruling Spain and its possessions

A

Philip II

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2
Q

who seized portugal in 1580

A

Philip II

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3
Q

What from America made Spanish extremely wealthy

A

Gold and Silver

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4
Q

who defended Catholicism against Muslims

A

Philip II

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5
Q

Muslims were also what

A

protestants

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6
Q

what helped defeat Ottomans

A

Spanish fleets

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7
Q

The Spanish Armada was defeated by who

A

The British

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8
Q

Who used unusual style to convey religious themes

A

El Greco

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9
Q

Works of Velazquez showed Spanish Court what

A

life

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10
Q

Who wrote Don Quixote

A

Miguel de cervantes

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11
Q

What weakened Spain”s economy

A

Inflation

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12
Q

What prevented development of middle class

A

Taxes on lower class

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13
Q

Why were Spain’s enemies rich

A

Spaniards bought goods abroad

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14
Q

Who declared bankruptcy three times due to weak economy

A

Philip II

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15
Q

Who won independence from Spain

A

Protestants in Netherland

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16
Q

What is the idea that God created the monarchy and that the monarch acted as God’s representative on Earth

A

Divine Right

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17
Q

What is the political belief that one ruler should hold all of the power within the boundaries of the country

A

Absolutism

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18
Q

Absolutism was practiced by who

A

Several monarchs

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19
Q

What has been used through many regions in history

A

Absolutism

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20
Q

what 2 things helped monarchs gain power

A

rise of cities and decline in Church Authority

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21
Q

Which century was a period of great upheaval

A

17th

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22
Q

How did the monarchs impose order

A

by increasing their own power

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23
Q

Who ruled France

A

Louis XIV

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24
Q

who ascended to French throne

A

Henry

25
Q

What is the name of a declaration of religious toleration

A

Issues Edict of Nantes

26
Q

Who was a minister that ruled France

A

Louis XIII

27
Q

How did the bourbons increase power (2 ways)

A

by limiting Huguenots freedom and weakens power of nobility

28
Q

Another word for French Calvanist

A

Huguenots

29
Q

Who was the Edict of Nantes put forth by

A

Henry IV

30
Q

What is the idea that nothing can be known for certain

A

Skepticism

31
Q

Who explored ideas about life’s meaning in essays

A

Montaigne

32
Q

Who used observations and reason to create new philosophy

A

Descartes

33
Q

Who is the most powerful ruler in French history

A

Louis XIV

34
Q

Who was a finance minister

A

Jean Baptiste Colbert

35
Q

Who canceled the Edict of Nantes

A

Louis

36
Q

Who kept nobles at palace to increase his power over them

A

Louis

37
Q

Where did Louis build a magnificent palace

A

Versailles

38
Q

What is a center of arts during reign of Louis

A

Versailles

39
Q

What was the purpose of the arts

A

to glorify Louis

40
Q

Who fought wars to expand France

A

Louis

41
Q

Many countries united against Louis where

A

League of Augsberg

42
Q

How was France weakened (3 ways)

A

Poor harvests, warfare, and high taxes

43
Q

Who died leaving a mixed legacy

A

Louis

44
Q

What made France a major military and cultural power in Europe

A

Rule

45
Q

What left France with heavy debts

A

Louis’ wars and palace

46
Q

Who became King of Russia

A

Ivan the terrible

47
Q

Who were landowning nobles

A

Boyars

48
Q

czar means what

A

caesar

49
Q

Who killed boyars and seized lands

A

Ivan the terrible

50
Q

Who became czar in the period of turmoil

A

Michael Romanov

51
Q

Ivan began as what

A

a respectable ruler

52
Q

What turned Ivan into a monstrous tyrant

A

His anxiety and decline in mental health

53
Q

Who killed his own son

A

Ivan the terrible

54
Q

Who began to reform Russia after becoming czar

A

Peter the Great

55
Q

Who visited western Europe to learn European ways

A

Peter

56
Q

What is using Western Europe as a model for change

A

westernization

57
Q

Who brought the Orthodox Church under state control

A

Peter

58
Q

Who introduced potatoes

A

Russia

59
Q

Who wanted a sea port that make travel to the West easier

A

Peter

World History (11 decks)

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