Renals - Kawamura Flashcards
Renal sonography exams evaluate the function of the kidneys. T/F?
False
What is the functional unit of the kidneys?
Nephron
Around which gestational week do kidneys start to function?
8 weeks
What is the normal adult kidney length?
10-12 cm
What surrounds the kidney & adrenal gland & anchors them to the surrounding structures?
Gerota’s fascia
Because the AO lies to the left of midline, the RRA is typically longer than the left. T/F?
True
What are the extensions of cortex that lie between the renal pyramids called?
Renal columns/columns of Bertin
What is a renal variation in which a local bulge is seen at the lateral border of the kidney called?
Dromedary hump
What is excessive fatty infiltration of the renal pelvis called?
Renal sinus lipomatosis
Amylase is NOT a lab value used to evaluate renal function. T/F?
True
An RI in the adult kidney is normal if it is below what pulsatility index?
0.7
What is the most common congenital anomaly of the genitourinary tract?
Duplicated collecting system
A patient comes in complaining of a pulsatile midline abdominal mass. What condition may be responsible?
Horseshoe kidney
A 62 yo pt has a 2 cm cystic area in the lower pole cortex. What is the most likely diagnosis:
ADPKD
simple renal cyst
von hippel-lindau disease
medullary sponge disease
Simple renal cyst
What is the sonographic appearance of medullary sponge kidney?
Normal sized kidneys
Highly echogenic pyramids without shadowing
What is a cyst that originates in the renal parenchyma and protrudes into the renal sinus called?
Parapelvic cyst
Which of the following is NOT associated with renal cortical cysts?
Tuberous sclerosis
von Hippel-Lindau disease
ADPKD
Amyloidosis
Amyloidosis
Is hypernephroma a benign tumor?
No – malignant
US appearance of angiomyolipoma (AML)
Made of blood vessels, muscle, fat
Looks echogenic, well-defined borders, solitary, small
Which of the following does NOT have an increased risk of RCC?
von hippel-lindau disease
medullary sponge kidney
ADPKD
tuberous sclerosis
Medullary sponge kidney
Renal artery stenosis cannot cause hydronephrosis. T/F?
True
Med term for kidney stones?
nephrolithiasis
A common cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is a lower UTI. T/F?
True
The incidence of UTIs is much higher in men. T/F?
False
