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DMS 300 Abdomen & Small Parts > Gallbladder A&P > Flashcards

Gallbladder A&P Flashcards

1
Q

where is the gallbladder located?

A

in the fossa of the posteroinferior portion of the liver

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2
Q

what parts of the gallbladder are mobile?

A

body & fundus

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3
Q

3 parts of the gallbladder

A

neck, body, fundus

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4
Q

what is the normal size of the gallbladder?

A

sag 7-10cm
trv 3cm

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5
Q

what is the normal size of the gallbladder wall?

A

less than 3 mm

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6
Q

what is an abnormal size of the gallbladder in transverse?

A

greater than 5 cm

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7
Q

equation to measure GB volume?

A

(LWH)(0.52)

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8
Q

what is the flow of bile from the liver to the duodenum?

A
  1. intrahepatic ducts
  2. R&L hepatic ducts
  3. common hepatic duct
  4. cystic duct + CHD meet to make the CBD
  5. distal CBD meets with main PD
  6. enter duodenum through ampulla of vater
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9
Q

where are the spiral valves of heister found?

A

cystic duct

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10
Q

what is the function of the spiral valves of heister?

A

prevents cystic duct from kinking

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11
Q

what may spiral valves of heister mimic and give us an error of in ultrasound?

A

lithiasis in the gallbladder neck

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12
Q

what is the opening into the duodenum called?

A

duodenal papilla

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13
Q

what muscle controls the flow of bile & pancreatic juices into the duodenum?

A

sphincter of oddi

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14
Q

what is the function of the gallbladder?

A

to store & concentrate bile

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15
Q

what is bile & what does it do?

A

bile is a surfactant & emulsifier. it breaks down fats in the digestive system

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16
Q

what is bile made of?

A

bile salts, cholesterol, bilirubin

17
Q

what hormone contracts the GB to release bile?

A

cholecystokinin

18
Q

normal size of CBD

A

1-4 mm
4-6 mm (gray area)
LESS THAN 6 mm

19
Q

how do you calculate the normal size of the CBD after 60 years old?

A

add 1 mm/decade

20
Q

S/P cholecystectomy, how big can the CBD?

A

can be up to 10 mm

21
Q

what are the lab values associated with the gallbladder?

A
  1. bilirubin (direct & indirect)
  2. alkaline phosphate
22
Q

what does elevated direct bilirubin indicate?

A

biliary obstruction

23
Q

what does elevated indirect bilirubin indicate?

A

hepatic damage or a pre-hepatic problem

24
Q

what does elevated alkaline phosphate indicate?

A

a mechanical obstruction to the flow of bilirubin (direct)

25
Q

what is a phrygian cap?

A

a GB variant that folds the fundus to the body

26
Q

what is a junctional fold/hartmann’s pouch?

A

a GB variant that is a fold bw the neck & body of the GB
more common than phrygian cap

27
Q

what are the 3 rare variants of the GB?

A
  1. septation
  2. duplication
  3. agenesis
28
Q

where are CHD & CBD located in relation to HA?

A

CHD is superior to HA
CBD is inferior to HA

DMS 300 Abdomen & Small Parts (14 decks)

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