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DMS 300 Abdomen & Small Parts > Prostate A&P > Flashcards

Prostate A&P Flashcards

1
Q

where is the prostate gland located in relation to the bladder & urogenital diaphragm?

A

between the bladder & urogenital diaphragm

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2
Q

where is the prostate located in relation to the rectum?

A

anterior to the rectum

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3
Q

where is the prostate gland located in relation to the bladder?

A

inferior to the bladder

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4
Q

is the prostate intra or retroperitoneal?

A

retroperitoneal

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5
Q

what is the base of the prostate called and where is it?

A

cephalad. superior part of prostate

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6
Q

what is the apex of the prostate called and where is it?

A

caudad. inferior part of prostate

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7
Q

what are the 5 lobes of the prostate?

A
  1. anterior
  2. posterior
  3. middle
    4-5. lateral
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8
Q

size of the prostate?

A

2 x 4 x 3 cm

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9
Q

formula for prostate volume

A

(H x W x L)(0.52)

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10
Q

what is the normal prostate volume for younger patients?

A

< 20 g

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11
Q

what is the normal prostate volume for older patients?

A

< 40 g

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12
Q

3 prostate zones

A
  1. peripheral
  2. transitional
  3. central
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13
Q

where is the peripheral zone in relation to the urethra?

A

posterior and lateral to distal prostatic urethra

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14
Q

which zone is at the apical region of the prostate?

A

peripheral zone

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15
Q

what is the largest zone of the prostate? how much of the gland is it?

A

peripheral zone takes up 70% of prostate

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16
Q

which zone is the location for most prostate cancer?

A

peripheral

17
Q

where is the transitional zone?

A

on both sides of the proximal urethra

18
Q

which zone is the smallest in the prostate?

A

transitional zone

19
Q

where is a common site for BPH?

A

transitional zone

20
Q

where is the central zone of the prostate?

A

it extends from base to vermontanum

21
Q

the central zone surrounds the bulbourethral glands. T/F?

A

false – surrounds the ejaculatory ducts

22
Q

how much of the prostate does the central zone take up?

A

25%

23
Q

3 functions of the prostate gland?

A
  1. contributes to seminal fluid
  2. secretes alkaline fluid
  3. produces prostate specific antigen
24
Q

what pH is alkaline fluid?

A

7.5

25
Q

what causes PSA to elevate? (4)

A
  1. prostate cancer
  2. prostatitis
  3. BPH
  4. surgical manipulation
26
Q

what is the NL appearance of the prostate?

A

mid gray medium level echoes
homogenous
smooth contour
well-defined border
symmetrical

27
Q

what do the seminal vesicles look like on US? (TRV)

A

bowtie appearance

28
Q

7 indications for a US prostate exam?

A
  1. elevated PSA
  2. urinary frequency
  3. nocturia
  4. poor urinary stream
  5. enlarged prostate on digital exam
  6. back, thigh, or pelvic pain
  7. pus or blood in urine or semen
29
Q

2 scanning techniques for a prostate exam?

A
  1. transabdominal
  2. transrectal
30
Q

what frequency do you want your probe to be during a transabdominal prostate exam?

A

3.5 MHz

31
Q

what angle do you need to be during a transabdominal prostate exam?

A

angle 15 degrees caudal at pubic bone

32
Q

we need to do a post void scan to calculate post void residual volume during a transrectal prostate exam. T/F?

A

false – we do this during a transabdominal exam

33
Q

what type of probe do you use for a transrectal prostate exam?

A

5.0 MHz+ intercavitary probe

34
Q

BPH is a malignant condition. T/F?

A

false

35
Q

what population is BPH most common in?

A

males older than 50 yo

36
Q

what prostate size is considered enlarged in older patients?

A

> 40 g

37
Q

4 S&S of BPH?

A
  1. weak urinary system
  2. urinary urgency
  3. nocturia
  4. leaking & dribbling of urine
38
Q

what lab value indicates BPH?

A

PSA

39
Q

what is the treatment for BPH?

A

transurethral resection of the prostate

DMS 300 Abdomen & Small Parts (14 decks)

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