Renal Tubular Acidosis Flashcards
1
Q
cause of proximal RTA (type 2)
A
- tubular defect in HCO3 reabsorption
2
Q
serum K+ levels in proximal RTA
A
- mild hypokalemia due to hyperaldosteronism
3
Q
proximal RTA associated with what other lab effects
what is the combination of these effects called?
A
- aminoaciduria
- glycosura
- uricosura
- phosphaturia
- fanconi syndrome
4
Q
pH of urine in proximal RTA
A
- < 5.5
5
Q
conditions that cause proximal RTA
A
- drugs
- autoimmune disease
- congenital anomalies
6
Q
clinical manifestation of proximal RTA
A
- weakness
- bone pain and fractures
- impaired growth
7
Q
why bone pain and fractures in RTA
A
- decreased synthesis of active vit D
- phosphate wasting
8
Q
distal (type 1) RTA cause
A
- alpha intercalated cells can’t secrete H+ into urine
9
Q
serum potassium in distal RTA
why
A
- hypokalemia
- decreased H+ secretion makes CCD more negative
- K+ flows in
10
Q
conditions that cause distal RTA
A
- falconi
- sjorgren
- hypercalcuria
- mutations in H+ ATPase and carbonic anhydrase
- drugs
11
Q
clinical manifestations of distal RTA
A
- weakness
- impaired growth in children
- calcium phosphate stones
- chronic kidney disease
12
Q
pH of urine in distal RTA
A
> 5.5
13
Q
type 4 RTA cause
result
A
- defect in aldosterone secretion or activity
- hyperkalemia
- decreased ENaC activity
- suppressed ammoniagenesis
14
Q
what suppresses ammoniagenesis in type 4 RTA
result
A
- hyperkalemia
- leads to the acidosis
15
Q
urine pH in type 4 RTA
why
A
- <5.5
- lack of buffering by NH3
